【作者】 王东方；

【导师】 周彦平；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工业大学 ， 光学工程（专业学位）， 2017， 硕士

【摘要】 近年来,各种卫星平台和空间飞行系统都需要像感器来进行信息数据的传输。随着航天技术的普遍性,像感器在卫星光通信系统中的作用愈发重要。由于半导体工艺逐渐成熟,CMOS像感器由于其集成度高、抗干扰能力强、能耗低、价格低、体积小等优点,获得越来越高的关注。在航天领域中,人们对星载设备的质量、尺寸、能耗等具有非常严格的要求,而CMOS像感器的诸多特性更加符合这一条件。而对于在空间环境工作的成像器件而言,复杂的空间外热流环境以及卫星平台其他热载荷的作用也是影响其性能的一个重要因素。光电器件的空间应用可靠性直接关系卫星与载荷的在轨性能与运行寿命,目前很多科研小组将注意力放在CMOS像感器的核心器件光电二极管以及MOSFET等半导体器件的温度效应上,而对于CMOS像感器整体的温度效应研究并不多见。本论文针对以上问题,主要完成以下几方面的研究:总结了CMOS像感器温度噪声的研究意义和研究现状,提出了研究CMOS像感器温度噪声必要性。结合光电二极管、MOSFET以及CMOS像感器的工作机理,阐述了温度对CMOS像感器及其核心器件光电二极管和MOSFET的工作影响。以暗输出灰度值变化规律为基础建立均值去噪模型,以噪声灰度分布为基础建立灰度去噪模型。本文开创性的研究环境温度对CMOS图像传感系统而非某一半导体元件的影响,并围绕该课题进行了多次实验研究,取得了规律性的成果为以后在空间环境中工作的CMOS像感器的温度效应提出理论指导和实验根据,进而加强使用CMOS像感器的卫星光通信终端的跟瞄精准程度,为提出相应的影响补偿措施提供指导,同时对利用温度噪声预估器件寿命也具有一定的参考价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 In recent years,satellite sensors,satellite platforms and other space flight systems require image sensors for image data transmission.With the rapid development of space technology,The role of image sensors is becoming important increasingly in satellite laser communication systems.As the semiconductor technology matures,the CMOS image sensor is paid more and more attention because of its high integration,strong anti-interference ability,low power consumption,low cost,small size and light weight.In the field of space,people have very strict requirements on the spacecraft equipment weight,size,power consumption and so on,and CMOS image sensor features more in line with this condition.For the imaging devices working in the space environment,the complex spatial external heat flow environment and other thermal loads on the satellite platform are also an important factor affecting its performance.The reliability of space applications in optoelectronic devices is directly related to the on-orbit performance and operating life of satellites and loads.At present,many research teams will focus on the temperature effect of semiconductor devices such as photodiode and MOSFET and CMOS image sensor.For the CMOS image sensor as a whole the temperature effect is rare.In this paper,the following problems are mainly completed:This paper summarizes the research significance and research status of CMOS image sensor temperature noise,and puts forward the necessity of studying temperature noise of CMOS image sensor.Combined with the working principle of photodiode,MOSFET and CMOS image sensor,the influence of temperature on the work of CMOS sensor and its core device photodiode and MOSFET is analyzed.The temperature effect experiment system of CMOS image sensing system was designed.The self-heating effect experiment and temperature experiment of CMOS image sensor AR0130 were carried out.The changes of gray output value,dark output nonuniformity and noise gray distribution were investigated at different temperatures.Based on the variation of gray output value of gray output,the mean denoising model is established,and the gray scale denoising model is established based on the noise gray distribution.In this paper,the environmental temperature of the CMOS image sensor rather than a semiconductor component of the impact,and around the subject conducted a number of experimental studies,and achieved regular results for future work in the space environment CMOS image sensor temperature The effect of providing the theoretical and experimental basis,and then improve the use of CMOS image sensor satellite optical communication terminal with the tracking accuracy,to provide the corresponding impact of compensation measures to provide guidance,it also has some reference value for estimating the life of the device by using temperature noise.更多还原