【作者】 王婷；

【导师】 李庆明；

【作者基本信息】 西安理工大学 ， 外国语言学及应用语言学， 2016， 硕士

【摘要】 理想化认知模式(ICM)是认知语言学中的重要理论之一,由George Lakoff于1987年首次提出。理想化认知模式是指特定的文化背景中说话人对某领域中经验和知识做出的抽象的、统一的、理想化的理解,是通过说话人对外部世界的理解形成的,因此理想化认知模式是人的一种认识方式,是人们对客观世界的认识的理想化的模式。它的提出对认知语言学领域产生了巨大的影响,很多语言学家从ICM视角分析认知语言学中各个领域的问题。随着认知语言学的兴起和发展,转喻已经不仅仅局限在传统的修辞学研究领域,语言学家们从认知语言学角度重新研究转喻,提出转喻不仅是一种修辞手段,更是一种认知模式。由于不同文化之间共性和差异性的存在,一些转喻可以被人们所普遍理解,另外一些则不可以。此外,虽然在不同语言中可以找到相对应的转喻模式,但是两种语言中的表达方式不同。因此转喻的翻译应该采取不同的技巧和策略。唐诗是我国优秀的文化遗产之一,也是全世界文化宝库中的一颗灿烂的明珠。作为向世界传播中国文化的非物质文化遗产之一,唐诗的翻译至关重要。许渊冲先生的《唐诗三百首》的英译稿是目前人们研究唐诗翻译的重要范本。庞德作为美国的翻译大家,对唐诗的翻译也颇有研究,但是,由于文化背景的不同,他的唐诗翻译也存在很多不同的地方,这种不同也体现在转喻的翻译上。本文以理想化认知模式为理论基础,详细阐述了理想化认知模式的四种结构模型,包括预设模型、意象图式模型、隐喻映射模型和转喻映射模型,在此基础上,论述了理想化认知模式四种模型之间的关系,同时,对于理想化认知模式与翻译之间的联系也进行了详细阐述。本文主要采用定性分析法和案例分析法进行研究,以唐诗英译为语料,通过对唐诗中转喻英译的分析,探讨了理想化认知模式视角下的转喻英译的类型,并在此基础上提出了诗歌中英汉转喻翻译的相关原则和策略。通过研究可以得出:在想化认知模式视角下,根据激活对等原则,唐诗中的转喻英译可以分为五种类型;根据唐诗中的转喻类型,唐诗的转喻英译策略可以分为五种;理想化认知模式应用于唐诗的转喻英译中,为转喻英译研究提供了新的思路更多还原

【Abstract】 Idealized cognitive model(ICM)is one of the important theories of cognitive linguistics.It is put forward by George Lakoff in 1987 for the first time.It refers to the abstract,unified and ideal understanding of the experience and knowledge in a given field,which is formed through the speaker?s understanding of the outside world.Thus,it is a way of cognition and an idealized mode of human cognition of the physical world.The theory of ICM has huge impact on the field of cognitive linguistics.Many linguists analyze various areas of cognitive linguistics from the perspective of ICM.With the rise and development of cognitive linguistics,metonymy is not just confined to the study of traditional rhetoric.Linguists have studied metonymy from the perspective of cognitive linguistics,believing that metonymy is not only a way of rhetoric,but also a cognitive mode.Owing to the universalities and differences between different cultures,it is found that some metonymies in one language have equivalents in another,and that some do not have exact equivalents.Although corresponding mode of metonymy in different languages can be found,the way of expression between two languages is different.Therefore,different skills and strategies should be adopted for the metonymy translation.Tang poetry is one of the outstanding cultural heritages of our country as well as a bright pearl in the world cultural treasures.As one of the outstanding cultural heritages of our country to be spread to the outside world,the translation of Tang poetry is crucial.Xu Yuan Chong?s English version of 300 Tang poems is the most important landmark for a study on the translation of Tang poetry.Ezra Pound,as a famous American poet,also carries out a fruitful study and translation of Tang poetry.However,due to different cultural backgrounds,his translation is quite different from Xu Yuanchong?s,which is also reflected in the translation of metonymy.Based on the theory of idealized cognitive models,this thesis expounds the four kinds of structuring models of idealized cognitive models,including the propositional model,the image-schema,metaphorical mapping model and metonymic mapping model,and discusses the relationship among the four idealized cognitive models in detail as well as the connection between the idealized cognitive models and translation.This thesis mainly adopts the qualitative analysis method and case analysis method and takes Tang poetry as corpus to study the English-Chinese translation of five kinds of metonymy from the perspective of idealized cognitive model.Based on the above study,the author of this thesis proposes some translation principles and strategies.It can be concluded that according to the equivalence principle,the translation of Tang poetry can be divided into five types from the perspective of idealized cognitive model,that according to the translation of five types of metonymy of Tang poetry,the translation strategies also can be divided into five types,and that the application of idealized cognitive model to the metonymy translation of Tang poetry provides a new view for the study of metonymy translation.更多还原