优化农村基层医疗卫生人力资源配置的对策研究

【作者】 张健；

【导师】 张洪慧；

【作者基本信息】 青岛大学 ， 公共管理（专业学位）， 2017， 硕士

【摘要】 中国城市和乡村之间的差距一直很大,在我国的医疗服务市场上,城市医院集中了大部分的医疗资源,尤其是人力资源,服务能力平均而言相对较高,而农村却总是面临缺医少药的困境。农村的基层医疗卫生人员不仅在数量上不够,还总是面临素质低、技术差等各种问题,因而农村医疗卫生工作的改革始终是医改的重点。本文运用人力资源配置理论和公共产品理论对我国农村基层医疗卫生人力资源配置的现状进行了解读,针对我国城市和乡村医疗卫生人力资源、大医院与基层医疗机构医疗卫生人力资源配置不均衡的问题进行了探讨,通过对我国2010-2014年卫生计生年鉴中医疗卫生人才的统计数据进行对比并以红岛经济区河套街道、红岛街道农村卫生人力资源情况为实例进行分析,指出我国农村基层医疗卫生人力资源存在素质有待提高、结构配置不合理、人才流动性大、队伍不稳定等问题,对问题进行了剖析并提出了相应的对策建议。本文认为政府应加强主导作用,优化软硬件的政府投入、合理规划引导、加强机制建设等以促进医疗卫生人力资源向农村基层流动;国家应从医疗卫生人才的培养和引进、医疗卫生人事制度改革、加强医学院校源头培养等方面加强基层医疗卫生人才的引进和培育;还从城市和乡村医师对口支援、推进区域医疗联合体、推进医疗卫生信息化建设等方面探讨优化农村基层医疗人力资源配置的对策。更多还原

【Abstract】 The gap between China’s urban and rural areas is one of the largest gap,the status of rural development is far behind in the city.In the medical service market of our country,urban hospital concentrated large quantities of medical resources,especially human resources,service capacity on average is relatively high.However the plight of rural is always facing the shortage of medical services and medicines.Rural medical and public health personnel of grass – roots units are not only insufficient in quantity,but also faces the low quality,poor technical problems.So the reform of the medical and public health work in rural areas is always the focus of health care reform.This paper uses the theory of human resources allocation and the theory of public goods for the interpretation of the current situation of China’s rural medical and health human resources allocation.The paper discusses the disequilibrium between China’s urban and rural medical and health human resources,between the large hospitals and the primary health care institutions according to the statistical analysis of Health and family planning statistics yearbooks(from 2010 to 2014)and the analysis of the actual situation of rural health and medical human resources allocation in Hongdao Economic Zone,points out that the quality of China’s rural grassroots health and medical human resources needs to be improved,the structure unreasonable,the personnel mobility,the team unstable and put forward the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions.This paper suggests that the government should strengthen the leading role in the optimization of government investment in hardware and software of the primary health care institutions,plan and guide rationally,strengthen the mechanism construction of rural primary health care institutions to promote more health and medical care human resources flowing to the rural primary health care institutions;the government should strengthen the introduction and cultivation of talents,reform the personnel system,design suitable talent cultivation plan for rural primary health care institutions;the government should push on urban and rural physician support,push on regional medical association,push on medical and health information construction,etc.更多还原