【作者】 张琦；

【导师】 周国富； 蔡雄飞；

【作者基本信息】 贵州师范大学 ， 自然地理学， 2017， 硕士

【摘要】 随着工业化和城镇化水平的提高,社会经济发展对土地资源的需求日益增大,加之对土地的各种不合理利用,造成的区域生态环境问题突出,人地关系紧张,尤其是在生态环境极为脆弱的喀斯特山区表现更为突出。因此,开展喀斯特山区土地利用变化及其驱动力研究对于实现区域经济与环境和谐发展具有重要意义。本文以盘县为研究区,借助Arcgis10.0、Erdas Imagine9.2、Ecognition(易康)8.6等软件平台,基于地学信息图谱理论,对盘县土地利用变化图谱进行分析,利用灰色关联度分析方法对其驱动力进行研究,得出以下结论:(1)本文将盘县土地利用类型分为耕地、林地、建设用地、草地、园地、水域、未利用地七种。其中,耕地和林地作为研究区最主要、最基础的两大土地利用类型,面积分别为1250.86km2、1939.51km2,二者的占比为研究区总面积的78.66%;草地、建设用地、园地和未利用地面积相对较少,分别占研究区总面积的6.38%、5.13%、5.95%、3.45%;水域面积最小,仅占研究区总面积的0.43%。(2)在2000-2015年间盘县耕地面积持续减少,主要转出去向为林地、建设用地和园地;林地面积持续增长,主要转入来源为耕地;建设用地面积持续增长,主要转入来源为耕地;草地面积总体不变;园地面积总体增加,主要转入来源为耕地;水域面积持续小幅度增长,转入来源主要为耕地;未利用地面积呈持续减少趋势,转出去向主要为草地。三个时序单元中土地利用变化所占份额最大的变化类型为:2000-2005为耕地→林地,占该时序单元土地利用变化总面积的72.37%;2005-2010为耕地→林地,占该时序单元土地利用变化总面积的76.28%;2010-2015为耕地→林地、耕地→园地,分别占该期土地利用变化总面积的38.54%、32.80%。(3)三个时序单元中,2005-2010年和2010-2015年间土地利用则发生了相对较大的变化,变化面积占研究区总面的比例分别为8.18%、10.57%,2000-2005年变化相对较小,变化面积仅占研究区总面积的5.35%。从空间扩展等级上看,耕地为较快收缩型;林地为较快扩展型;水域为相对稳定型;2000-2005年建设用地为较慢扩展型,另外两个时序均为较快扩展型;2010-2015年草地为较慢扩展型,其他两个时序则为较慢收缩型;2000-2005年园地为相对稳定型,2005-2010年为较慢扩展型,2010-2015年为急剧扩展型;2010-2015年水域为较快收缩型,其他两个时序均为较慢收缩型;2000-2005年、2005-2010年的未利用地均为较慢收缩型,而2010-2015年的未利用地为较快收缩型。(4)根据灰色关联分析方法得出的结果:2000-2015年间,对盘县土地利用变化影响最为显著的驱动力因子有常住人口、第二、三产业比重、粮食产量等。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the improvement of the levels of industrialization and urbanization,the demand of land resources of social and economic development is increasing.Regional ecological and environmental problems caused by the tense relationship between human and nature is serious,especially,in Karst mountainous region where the ecological environment is very fragile,with the various unreasonable land use.Therefore,it is meaningful to realize the harmonious development of regional economy and environment to study the driving force of the land-use change in Karst mountainous area.This paper takes Panxian as a case to analyze TUPU of and research the driving force of land use change by grey correlation method,basing on the theory on TUPU of geological information,with Arcgis10.0,Erdas Imagine9.2 and eCognition8.6 software platform,the conclusion as the following:(1)The land-use types can be divided into farmland,forest,construction land,grassland,garden,water and unused land in Panxian.Among them,the farmland and forest are the most basic and major land-use types,area of 1250.86km2,1939.51km2,account for 78.66% of the total area of Panxian;The area of grass,construction land,garden and unused land are smaller,and account for 6.38%,5.13%,5.95%,3.45% of the total area of the study area;The area of Water is Minimum,account for 0.43% of Panxian.(2)The area of cultivated land is declining in Panxian in 2000-2015,and mainly turned into forest,construction land and garden plot;The area of forest is growing,main source is the cultivated land;The area of construction land is growing,main source is the cultivated land;The area of grassland is the same in general;The eare of garden plot is increasing in the mass,sources for the cultivated land mainly;Water sustainably grows in small,mainly turns from the cultivated land;Unused land is the declining,mainly,turn to the grass.The largest share of types of land-use change forthree temporal units: The main type is the cultivated land turn into forest,accounting for72.37% of the total area of land use change during 2000-2005.The main is cultivated land become into forest,76.28% of the total area of land-use change during 2005-2010.Cultivated land to be forest land and garden is the main change,accounting for 38.54%,32.80% of the total area of land-use change in 2010-2015.(3)For the three timing units,relatively,the land use has a larger change in 2005-2010 and 2010-2015,The proportions of the total area of the study area are 8.18%,10.57%,The change is smaller in 2000-2005,the area of change only accounts for 5.35%of the total area of the study area.Based on the levels of the spatial expansion,the cultivated land is a quick shrinkage type;the forest land is a relatively rapid expansion type;the water area is relatively stable type;construction land is slower expansion type in 2000-2005,the other two timing units are quick expansion type;The grassland is relatively slow expansion From 2000 to 2005,and relatively slow in the other two sequences;The garden polt is relatively stable In 2000-2005,while,it is the slow expansion In 2005-2010,and rapid expansion In 2005-2010;Water is the rapid contraction type in 2010-2015,slowly shrinkage type for the other two timing units;The unused land is shrinking slowly in 2000-2005 and 2005-2010,and is shrinking rapidly during 2010-2015.(4)According to the result of analysis of grey relation : the main driving force factors of land use change are resident population,second and third industry,grain yield,and so on,in Panxian from 2000 to 2015.更多还原