【作者】 李阳；

【导师】 管运涛； 陈俊； 张健君；

【作者基本信息】 清华大学 ， 环境工程（专业学位）， 2016， 硕士

【摘要】 本研究通过室内模拟实验考察植草砖、透水混凝土和透水砖等不同类型透水路面(低影响开发技术,LID)削减道路径流水量、延缓管网洪峰流量到来时间和降低管网洪峰流量的作用;同时分析了不同条件下透水路面对不同类型污染物的去除作用;在实验的基础上,利用MIKE URBAN模型对透水路面改善区域内的排水状况进行评估。通过室内实验,探究透水路面在不同干期、降雨强度下控制径流的效果。在没有其它径流汇入透水路面时,降雨强度在84mm/h的情况下,透水路面不会产生地表径流。在较大降雨强度时,透水路面能够延缓洪峰到来时间,削减管流洪峰流量,改善排水现状。在降雨强度为10mm/h时,植草砖、透水混凝土、自身透水型砖和自身不透水型砖可以延缓管网洪峰到来时间10min,削减管网洪峰流量29.4%、13.6%、45.7%和25.8%;在降雨强度为20mm/h时,植草砖、透水混凝土、自身透水型砖和自身不透水型砖能够延缓管网洪峰到来时间5min,削减管网洪峰流量21.8%、10.8%、22.9%和18.6%。在本研究中利用湿式真空吸尘法采集路面积尘配制模拟径流,探究不同条件下透水路面削减径流中污染物的作用。发现透水路面对SS有较好的去除效果,去除率能够达到85%以上。透水路面对TP、COD和TN有一定的去除效果,实验结果显示透水路面对TP、COD和TN的平均去除率达到60%、30%和10%以上。透水路面的结构和面层类型,降雨强度和干期时间均对透水路面的污染物去除率有一定的影响。利用MIKE URBAN模型对常州市戚墅堰污水厂的不同降雨强度下的排水现状进行评价。结果显示,当降雨条件达到20mm/h时,戚墅堰污水厂的排水管网不能满足快速排水要求,易产生大面积的积水。将原有道路改造为透水路面后,MIKE URBAN模型模拟结果显示,在不改变原有排水管网的情况下,透水路面能够大大改善戚墅堰污水厂的排水状况,积水深度和积水时间分别减少0.27m和13min。更多还原

【Abstract】 This study is to investigate the effect of pervious concrete,grass brick,porous block pavements(low impact development technology,LID)on controlling surface runoff,delaying the time of peak flow and reducing the quantity of water in the network in a labortarty-scale;additionally,it verifies the effect of removing different pollutants by the permeable pavement at various conditions;On the basis of experiment,using the MIKE URBAN model simulates the effect of permeable pavement on improving drainage condition.It is found that permeable pavement can effectively control the road runoff.No runoff occurred on the permeable pavement surface when the rainfall intensity is 84 mm/h without inflow from other ereas.Permeable pavement can delay the time of peak outflow,reduce the quantity of max-flow in the pipeand improve the condition of drainage.When the rainfall intensityis 10 mm/h,grass brick,pervious concrete,pervious brick and permeable brick can delay the time of peak outflow by 10 min,10 min,15 min,10 min and reduce the max-outflow by 29.4%,13.6%,45.7% and 25.8%in the pipe;when the rainfall intensity is 20 mm/h,the time to peakdecrease to 5 min and the reduction of max-flow are 21.8%,10.8%,22.9% and 18.6%.In this study,the purpose is to explorepollutants removol rate of permeable pavementwith simulated runoff which is made by dust on the road collected by wet vacuum cleaner at different conditions.The experiment results show that the permeable pavement has better removal effect for the SS,removal rate can reach 85%.Permeable pavement can also remove TP,COD and TN,the experiment results show that the removal rate of TP,COD and TN can reach 60%,30% and 10%.Permeable pavement structure,surface type,rainfall intensity and dry period has influence on permeable pavement to remove pollutants.MIKE URBAN model is used in this study to evaluate the condition of the drainage inQi Shuyan sewage plant.Simulation results show that when the rainfall intensity up to 20 mm/h,drainage pipe network in Qi shuyan sewage plant can not meet the requirement of the drainage.Transforming the traditional road to permeable pavement,it is found that permeable pavement can greatly improve the condition of drainage in Qi shuyan sewage plant without changing the original drainage pipe network,the reduction of ponding depth and time are 0.27 m and 13 min.更多还原