【作者】 高伟；

【导师】 张传平；

【作者基本信息】 中国石油大学(华东) ， 管理科学与工程， 2015， 硕士

【摘要】 资源均衡优化问题是工程项目管理中一个非常重要的问题,研究的是确保工程项目在总工期不变的前提下,实现资源的均衡利用,理论上属于NP-hard问题,模型求解困难,几十年来一直是项目管理领域研究的前沿,并取得了丰硕的成果。在工程施工过程中,资源消耗的大起大落现象往往导致劳动力的窝工、机械设备的闲置或临时设施的增加,造成不必要的浪费,影响项目效益水平。在此背景下,全文在总结前人研究的基础之上,从资源调度费的角度研究工程项目多资源均衡优化问题。这样可以避免三类问题:一是对资源重要性的确定;二是资源需求量的无量纲化处理;三是资源间的相关性。本文将资源调度费定义为:为了使资源在特定时间、特定地点正常发挥效用而支出的费用。资源调度费包括人力资源调度费、材料调度费、机械调度费,人力资源调度费包括人力资源获取成本、开发成本、窝工补偿、离职成本和缺员成本;材料调度费包括材料采购费、仓储费和缺货费;机械设备调度费包括进退场费、安拆费和闲置费。在满足工序逻辑关系的前提下,分别讨论了各类资源调度费发生的条件,将资源调度费最低作为评价指标构造了多资源均衡优化模型。并通过对遗传算法的系统研究,运用MATLAB函数工具箱编制遗传算法对模型进行求解,得到了多资源均衡最优方案,工序A、B、C、D、E、F、G、H和F的实际开工时间为0,0,0,2,4,7,6,6,12,共发生资源调度费6720元,节省资源调度费1130元,总体均衡优化效果为14.39%。本研究证明了将资源调度费作为目标函数是合理、准确的,也为解决工程项目多资源均衡优化问题提供了一种新的思路。更多还原

【Abstract】 Resource leveling optimization is a very important issue in project management,which research how to achieve a balanced use of resources under the total duration existed.It is difficult to solve optimization model belonging to NP-hard problem theoretically.Resource leveling optimization has been the research forefront of project management for dozens years and has achieves fruitful results.In the construction process,the ups and downs phenomenon of resource consumption often leads to increase labor slowdown,idle equipment or add temporary facilities.It will result in unnecessary waste and affect the level of project benefits,and therefore,the resource leveling consumption is very important.In this context,multi-resource leveling optimization problem is researched from the perspective of resource scheduling fee based on previous studies.It will avoid three questions: the importance of resources determination;non-dimensional treatment of resource demand;the correlation between resources.The resource scheduling fee is defined as additional costs in order to ensure the normal work of resource at a specific place and time.The resource scheduling fee includes human resource scheduling fee(acquisition costs,development costs,slowdown compensation,termination costs,opening costs),materials scheduling fee(procurement costs,storage charges,opening costs),equipment scheduling fee(slotting and exiting fee,demolition charges,slowdown compensation).The multi-resource leveling optimization model is built using resource scheduling fee lowest as evaluation index and is solved with genetic algorithm by MATLAB toolbox.The optimal case is gotten that the actual start time of A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H and F work is 0,0,0,2,4,7,6,6,12.In this case,a total resource scheduling fee of 6720 yuan happens,and 1130 yuan has been saved,14.39% of total resource scheduling fee.This study demonstrated the resource scheduling fee as objective function is reasonable and accurate,but also provides a new way of thinking to solve the multi-project resource leveling optimization.更多还原