【作者】 李颖；

【导师】 张群；

【作者基本信息】 西安建筑科技大学 ， 建筑学， 2017， 硕士

【摘要】 随着我国经济发展,建筑能耗问题日益严峻。在全国的热工气候分区中,夏热冬冷地区夏季炎热、冬季寒冷、雨热同季等气候特点造成该地区的能源消耗更为突出。中小学校园数量多,建筑单位面积能耗高,在中小学教学楼建筑实际节能设计过程中,设计人员往往忽略了小学、初中、高中教学楼间存在的能耗差异性,导致这三类教学楼在节能设计时无差别。本文针对夏热冬冷气候区的地域因素,基于该地区建筑不集中采暖、间歇式用能能耗特点,笔者调研该地区教学楼能耗现状,分析气候特点、建筑设计因素、能源使用现状等对教学楼建筑能耗的影响,探究夏热冬冷地区中小学教学楼建筑能耗高的原因所在;从中小学教学楼用能方式、使用人员差异性和使用时间差异性等角度出发,对小学、初中、高中教学楼建筑能耗特点分别细化分析,阐明三者能耗方式差异性,指出现有节能设计方法在实际应用中对小学、初中、高中教学楼的节能不足之处;借助环境模拟软件Design Builder对中小学教学楼能耗进行模拟分析,并从建筑朝向、空间布局、开窗率、制冷制暖房间墙体屋顶围护结构热工性能和保温设置方式等角度对夏热冬冷中小学教学楼建筑进行节能设计研究,阐明以上五个方面与中小学教学楼建筑能耗间的量化关系;并分别对小学、初中、高中教学楼建筑的朝向、空间布局、开窗率和围护结构热工性能提出具体、针对性节能措施,并进一步对节能方案的经济可行性进行对比研究,目的为夏热冬冷地区中小学教学楼建筑节能设计提供更合理的节能建筑方案。更多还原

【Abstract】 Along with our country economic development,the problem of the building energy consumption is more and more serious,in the national climate partition,hot summer and cold winter region extremely hot summer and cold winter,rain,the climate characteristic of hot same cause the energy consumption of the region is more outstanding.Building number of primary and secondary schools,the unit energy consumption high,middle and primary school teaching building construction,in the actual process of energy-saving design,often ignore the existing energy consumption differences among the three,leading to high school,junior high school,there was no difference in the primary school teaching building in the energy-saving design.Middle and primary school teaching building construction,in the actual process of energy-saving design,often ignored the elementary school,junior high school,high school teaching building construction in the use of time and the use of personnel and other aspects of the differences,and these differences determine the elementary school,middle school,high school teaching building construction energy consumption characteristics of the obvious different,so the energy saving measures cannot treat as the same.Based on the geographical factors of hot summer and cold winter climate area,based on the building without central heating in the region,intermittent can use energy consumption characteristics,from primary school teaching building can way,using personnel difference and use perspective,such as the time difference,the elementary school,junior high school,high school teaching building of building energy consumption characteristics respectively detailed analysis,to clarify the cause of the differences between the three energy consumption way,points out that the existing energy-saving design method in the practical application of elementary school,junior high school,high school teaching building energy saving.By environmental simulation software DesignBuilder simulation analysis was carried out on the middle and primary school teaching building energy consumption,and from the building orientation,spatial distribution,warm room window rate,cooling system way of palisade structure thermal insulation performance and setting Angle of middle and primary school teaching building in hot summer and cold winter,building energy saving design research,clarify the above five aspects and the quantitative relationship between energy consumption of middle and primary school teaching building construction,and the elementary school,junior high school,high school teaching building construction orientation,spatial distribution,the palisade structure and thermal properties window rate concrete,specific energy-saving measures are proposed,and further the economic feasibility study of energy saving plan,primary and secondary school teaching building in hot summer and cold winter areas of building energy efficiency design to provide a more reasonable energy saving scheme.更多还原