【作者】 王茜；

【导师】 韦惠兰；

【作者基本信息】 兰州大学 ， 理论经济学·人口、资源与环境经济学， 2017， 硕士

【摘要】 荒漠生态系统是中国西北地区广泛存在的生态系统类型之一,既是周边居民赖以生存的自然环境和资源所在,又是抵御沙源区沙尘危害的天然屏障。然而,荒漠生态系统天然生物结构简单,资源数量有限,形成了其生态脆弱的属性,加之气候、水文、地质等自然条件恶化与不合理开发利用等人为活动加剧,荒漠生态系统内的土地呈现出日渐严峻的沙化趋势。国家和社会各界并行多项工程举措进行沙化土地修复工作,也未能遏制土地沙化趋势。在此背景下,正确认识到人为因素对土地沙漠化的不良加速作用,并针对此提出经济修复的途径,对于沙化土地的修复和广泛分布的荒漠生态系统的健康发育具有重要意义。本文首先对经济修复途径的概念进行科学界定,明确针对土地沙化问题的有效经济激励手段,并运用临泽县经济统计数据对经济修复途径的宏观层面可行性进行评价。其次,基于Sen的可行能力,运用连续多次调研数据,对经济修复途径的微观层面可行性进行评价。通过以上两个层面对经济修复途径的可行性进行了评价,得到结论如下:第一,单一依靠传统的技术手段进行修复必将陷入“高投入-微见效”的修复困境,依靠技术修复和经济修复并行才是修复沙化土地的有效策略。第二,经济修复途径从宏观层面是可行的,影响经济修复可行性评价的主要因素在于制度保障,合理的制度设计和预防补救手段是经济修复途径有效实施必不可少的。第三,经济修复的微观层面可行性主要取决于农户的可行能力而不是对沙化土地修复的认识程度和参与意愿。改善农户生计结构,提高农户可行能力,才能够保证经济修复途径的有效推广。更多还原

【Abstract】 Desert Ecosystem is considered to be widely spread ecosystem in west China,which not only provide people there the environment and resources,but prevent the dangers from desert area.However,the desert ecosystem is featured to be eco-fragile because of its unitary species composition and poor natural resources.Additionally,owing to the deteriorated climate,poor hydrogeological conditions as well as anthropogenic activities,degradation of land in desert ecosystem goes serious.The state and society from all walks of life in parallel a number of engineering measures for desertification land restoration,also failed to curb land desertification trend.Under this background,the correct understanding to the human factors of desertification negative acceleration,economic repair are put forward based on the way,for the desertification of land restoration and widely distributed desert ecosystem development is of great significance.First,this article makes definition of economic restoration methods,the effective economic incentives for land desertification problems,and the feasibility research is based on data sets of Linze county.Secondly,based on the practical ability from Sen,the data set is used to make feasibility evaluation of economic restoration methods on micro-level.And conclusions can be drawn as follows:First,a simple rely on the traditional technology to restore will obtain slight effect faded in great investment,it’s effective to adapt both technological and economical restoration.Second,economic restoration methods is feasible on the macroscopic level,the main factors influencing the economic repair feasibility evaluation lies in the system safeguard,the reasonable design and prevention and remedial measures are essential to effective economic restoration.Third,effect of economic restoration depends on the farmer’s practical ability rather than the degree of understanding and participation intention of.To make sure the effective promotion of economic methods,endeavor on improvement of farmers’ livelihood is supposed to be made.更多还原