【作者】 刘涛；

【导师】 马爱萍； 郭鸿；

【作者基本信息】 山西大学 ， 法律硕士（专业学位）， 2017， 硕士

【摘要】 医患关系矛盾突出是社会的热点问题,医疗行为的特殊性、医务人员诊疗行为与患者就诊损害结果之间因果关系的复杂性,使人们更容易看到患者权益的损害,在诉讼中要保证双方的利益,必须平衡原被告双方的权利,医疗抗辩是法律为实现双方当事人利益平衡,而赋予当事人的一种诉讼防御制度,医疗诉讼中抗辩的证明责任分配,影响着当事人防御行为的有效性,很大程度上关乎一个案件的成败,医疗诉讼中抗辩的证明责任的合理分配显得尤为重要,但是由于医疗抗辩具有医学和法学的综合性,在司法实践中,对医疗诉讼中抗辩的认识存在较多误读,对抗辩的概念不能清晰界定,不能准确运用,容易和否认相混淆,造成证明责任分配上的错误,使一方当事人承担不必要的败诉风险。本文将通过实际案例的分析,提出存在的问题,从问题出发,识别了医疗诉讼中抗辩的概念,通过医疗诉讼中抗辩对否认的比较,进一步清晰医疗诉讼中抗辩的概念,并对医疗诉讼中抗辩方式和医疗诉讼中抗辩的事由进行归类整理,在明确清晰了诉讼中抗辩的证明责任分配后,再回到本文的案例,对存在问题进行分析,期望通过本文的论述为医疗诉讼中正确运用抗辩证明责任分配提供参考。本文除引言和结论外,共包括四部分内容:第一部分是案情简介和问题的提出。该部分从一个具体的医疗纠纷案件出发,通过对案情的简介,指出在医疗诉讼实践中,由于对抗辩和否认的混同,造成了当事人不同的诉讼后果,因而指出识别医疗诉讼中抗辩对败诉风险的负担具有重要意义。第二部分是医疗诉讼中抗辩的识别。该部分从抗辩的概念入手,明确医疗诉讼中抗辩是保护正当医疗行为,保护医患双方权益的一种防御手段。并将抗辩与否认进行对比,清晰了抗辩与否认的区别。最后通过对我国医疗诉讼中医疗抗辩事由的整理,明确了医疗诉讼中抗辩的情形,为科学分配抗辩证明责任奠定基础。第三部分是医疗诉讼中抗辩证明责任分配的原则。该部分以我国法律规定为前提,阐述了医疗诉讼中抗辩的证明责任分配的一般原则和特殊规定,并对医疗技术损害、医疗伦理损害、医疗产品损害中的抗辩证明责任分配进行了剖析,明确了医疗诉讼中抗辩的证明责任分配原则。第四部分是医疗诉讼中抗辩证明责任分配存在的问题和完善设想。该部分通过对本文第一部分案例中医患双方主张事实的证明责任分配的剖析,指出实践中医疗抗辩证明责任存在的问题,并针对这些问题提出了理性和完善的设想。更多还原

【Abstract】 The contradiction between doctor-patient relationship is a hot issue in society.The complexity of causality between professional behavior of medical treatment,medical action and medical damage results makes it easier to see the harm of patients’ rights and interests.The medical defense is a kind of lawsuits defense system which gives the parties a balance for the interests of both parties,the distribution of the burden of proof in the defense of the medical lawsuit affects the effectiveness of the parties ’defensive behavior,and it is necessary to balance the original defendants’ It is very important to have a reasonable distribution of the burden of proof in the defense of medical proceedings.However,due to the medical and legal comprehensive nature of the medical defense,there is a greater awareness of the defense in medical litigation than in the judicial practice.Misunderstanding,misunderstanding,the concept of defense can not be clearly defined,can not be accurately applied,easy and denial of confusion,resulting in the distribution of the burden of proof of error,so that one party bear the risk of losing the game.In this paper,the author analyzes the problems in the medical litigation,identifies the concept of defenses in medical litigation,and further clarifies the concept of defenses in medical litigation by comparing the defenses and denials in medical litigation.After clarifying the distribution of the burden of proof in the defense of litigation,we return to the case of this article and analyze the existing problems.We hope that this thesis will provide a basis for the discussion of medical treatment On the Proper Application of the Defense Responsibility Allocation in Litigation.In addition to the introduction and conclusion,this paper includes four parts:The first part is the introduction and brief introduction of the problem.This part starts from a specific case of medical dispute,and points out that in the practice of medical litigation,due to the confounding of pleading and denying,the parties have different litigation consequences,so it points out that defending against the risk of losing the lawsuit Of the burden of great significance.The second part is the identification of medical litigation defense.This part starts from the concept of defense,clarifies that the defense in medical litigation is a kind of defensive means to protect the legitimate medical action and protect the rights and interests of both doctors and patients.And the contrast between defenses and denials makes clear the difference between defense and denial.Finally,through the medical proceedings in China,the reasons for the defense of the order,clear the case of medical proceedings in the defense for the scientific proof of responsibility to lay the foundation for defense.The third part is the principle of the distribution of the defense burden of proof in medical litigation.This part expounds the general principles and the special provisions of the burden of proof in the medical proceedings,and analyzes the defense burden of medical technology damage,medical ethics damage and medical product damage.Principle of Distribution of Burden of Proof in Defense of Medical.The fourth part is the problem of perfecting the burden of proof in medical litigation.This part points out the problems of the burden of proof in practice in the first part of this article,and puts forward some rational and perfect ideas to solve these problems更多还原