【作者】 王娟；

【导师】 马陵合；

【作者基本信息】 安徽师范大学 ， 中国史， 2017， 硕士

【摘要】 近代皖南的交通建设虽历经波折,但在20世纪二三十年代取得重大成就,形成近代交通的基本雏形。皖南的近代交通起步于机器轮船,而铁路和公路的出现则相对较晚。皖南的铁路建设开始于20世纪初的芜广铁路,后有宁湘铁路几番搁浅,直到30年代才建成江南铁路。江南铁路是近代皖南沟通南京、上海的重要通道,并与沪宁、津浦和淮南铁路相连,为皖南经济发展提供了巨大的动力。此外,皖南地区还有为数不多的矿区专用铁路,其中的水东轻便铁路,不仅运送煤矿,且办理客运。公路建设起步较晚,但成就显著。在中央和地方政府的统筹规划下,形成了以芜湖和屯溪为两大中心的公路网,包括芜屯公路、宣长公路、杭徽公路、省屯公路、屯淳公路等。在政府的统一管理下,公路、铁路、水运三者联运,芜湖与屯溪的优势地位得以凸显,长江流域和新安江流域隔绝的局面彻底被打破,皖南与长三角的交通往来更加密切。皖南交通结构的优化促进了皖南新型运输通道的形成,以江南铁路、芜屯公路为基础的运输通道成为皖南与外界经济、文化往来重要的桥梁,杭徽公路的运行瓦解了新安江作为徽州地区通往浙江唯一通道的局面。以芜湖和屯溪两地为中心的近代交通结构形成后,以这二座城市为中心,形成了城镇布局,在数量和结构上均发生了显著变化,主要表现为芜湖城区的扩大、经济辐射能力增强等,而屯溪则逐渐发展成为徽州的中心,取代歙县。传统的依托水运的城镇逐渐让位于铁路、公路而兴起的城镇。更多还原

【Abstract】 In modern times,the traffic construction in the southern Anhui province had experienced twists and turns,but in twentieth Century,it made great achievements in the form of modern transportation in the year of 20 s and 30 s.The modern traffic in the south of Anhui Province started in the machine ship,while the railway and the road appeared relatively late.The railway construction in southern Anhui began in the early twentieth Century of the Wu Guang railway,after a few times stranded Ning Xiang railway,until the completion of the Southern Railway in 30 s.The railway is an important channel of communication in modern Nanjing,Shanghai,and is connected with the Shanghai Nanjing,railway and Huainan railway,provides a great impetus for the economic development of southern anhui.In addition,there is in the south of Anhui Province Mine Railway number,the East light railway,not only the delivery of coal mine,and for passenger.Highway construction started late,but significant achievements.Under the overall planning of the central and local governments,Wuhu and Tunxi were formed as the two major centers of the highway network,including Wuhu Tuen Road,Xuan long road,hang emblem Road,provincial Tuen Mun Road,Tuen Chun Road,etc..In the unified management of the government,highway,railway,waterway transport three,Wuhu and Tunxi to highlight the dominant position,the Yangtze River Basin and the Xin’An River Basin isolated situation was completely broken,South Anhui and the Yangtze River Delta transportation more close contacts.To promote the formation of new transport channel optimization in Anhui traffic structure,transport channel to the Southern Railway,Wuhu Tunxi highway based has become the economic and cultural contacts with the outside world the important bridge,Hangzhou Anhui highway running collapse as the Xin’An river area of Huizhou to Zhejiang only channel situation.The formation of the modern transportation structure in Wuhu and Tunxi as the center,to the two city as the center,the formation of the urban layout,significant changes occurred in the number and structure,mainly for the Wuhu urban expansion,economic radiation ability enhancement,while Tunxi has gradually become the center of Huizhou,instead of Shexian.The traditional town relying on water transport has gradually given rise to the railway and highway.更多还原