【作者】 高洁；

【导师】 刘树堂；

【作者基本信息】 山东大学 ， 建筑与土木工程（专业学位）， 2015， 硕士

【摘要】 随着新沥青路面的建设与现有沥青路面的维修改建工程的增多,对沥青的需求量呈上升趋势,寻求石油沥青的替代品应是予以思考研究的重要问题。基于可再生资源(如农作物、城市废料、农业与林业副产品等生物质资源)研发的非石油基植物沥青,具有可再生、环境友好、资源保护及良好的经济效益等优势,近年来国内外得到了初步研究和工程应用,成为一种潜在的石油沥青替代方案;但由于植物沥青成分的差异性和多样性,具体到某种植物沥青,其是否适用于沥青路面工程还需进行研究。研究采用的原样植物沥青为玉米秸秆经高温高压氢化以及生物发酵等过程制备而得,在常温下为无固定性状的固体,外观呈深棕色,其粘温特性与石油沥青相似。通过对原样植物沥青热老化指数的探究确定原样植物沥青的处理工艺。采用加热的方式对原样植物沥青进行预处理,处理的最佳温度为120℃,时间宜为1h～2h;通过使用废旧橡胶粉、SBS、PPA对原样植物沥青进行改性,软化点均有所提高,针入度指数均有一定程度的降低,延度均明显降低,对原样植物沥青的改性效果并不明显。为探讨植物沥青在热拌沥青混合料中的适用性,将植物沥青按不同的比例(分别为70号沥青质量百分比的50%、10%、15%)与70号沥青混合配制成植物基-复合沥青。通过沥青针入度试验、软化点试验、延度试验及旋转粘度试验研究了植物基-复合沥青的基本性能及粘温特性;通过车辙试验、低温弯曲试验与冻融劈裂试验研究了植物基-复合沥青(植物沥青掺量为10%)AC-13混合料的高温性能、低温性能与水稳性。试验结果表明,植物沥青的加入使得植物基-复合沥青的针入度有所下降,软化点提高,延度下降,但以上3个基本性能指标随植物沥青掺量的变化无明显规律;植物基-复合沥青的粘温特性与70号沥青相似,但粘度值降低;与70号沥青AC-13混合料相比,植物基-复合沥青AC-13 混合料的高温性能、低温性能与水稳性均有所下降,但都能满足技术规范的要求。对植物沥青掺量为10%的植物基-复合沥青和70#沥青混合料进行高低温弯曲蠕变试验,基于Burgers模型对弯曲蠕变试验得到的蠕变数据进行计算拟合,通过对粘度、应力松弛时间等指标的分析表明,植物基-复合沥青的高低温性能与70#沥青相比均有所降低,与混合料基本路用性能检测结果相吻合。为进一步改善植物沥青性能,以废旧橡胶粉和SBS作为改性剂,采用正交试验设计方法设计试验方案,进行了极差分析与方差分析,得到最优方案为废旧橡胶粉掺量为15%、SBS掺量为2%、植物沥青掺量为15%。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the increase of construction of new asphalt pavement and maintenance of existing asphalt pavement,the demand for asphalt is increasing.Bio-binder asphalt is non-petroleum based asphalt binder based on renewable resources(such as crop,urban waste and agriculture and forestry by-product).Bio-binder asphalt has the advantage of renewable,environment-friendly,resource production and good economic benefit.In recent years,bio-binder has become an alternative scheme to petroleum asphalt at home and abroad.But due to difference and diversity of bio-binder components,to a special bio-binder,whether it can be used in asphalt pavement construction needs to be studied.Original sample of bio-binder asphalt used in the study is made of corn stalk.At room temperature,it’s solid with no-fixed traits,with similar viscosity-temperature characteristic to petroleum asphalt.By studying on the heat aging index of original sample,treatment process is determined.Optimum temperature of pretreatment for original sample is 12℃,and the time is appropriate for 1h～2h.By using waste rubber powder,SBS and PPA to modify original sample,softening point is increased,PI index is decreased and ductility is decreased significantly.The modifying effect for original sample is not obvious.In order to investigate the applicability of bio-binder asphalt used in hot mix asphalt mixture,the bio-binder asphalt binder is mixed with 70#asphalt in different proportions(mass proportion on 70#asphalt respectively at 5%,10%and 15%)to make compound asphalt.By asphalt penetration test,softening point test,ductility test and rotary viscometer test,the basic properties and viscosity-temperature characteristic are studied.Through rutting test,low temperature bending test and freeze-thaw split test,the high temperature property,low temperature property and water stability of compound asphalt AC-13 asphalt mixture(bio-binder asphalt binder mixing amount is 10%)are studied.Preliminary test result shows that,the addition of plant based asphalt makes the penetration decreased somewhat,softening point increased and ductility decreased.But there’s no significant law of the three basic properties with plant based asphalt binder mixing amount.The viscosity-temperature characteristic of compound asphalt is similar to 70#asphalt,but viscosity value is decreased.Compared with 70#asphalt AC-13 asphalt mixture,the high temperature property,low temperature property and water stability of compound asphalt AC-13 asphalt mixture are all decreased.All the performance indexes meet technical specification requirements.High and low temperature bending creep test is experimented on compound asphalt AC-13 asphalt mixture(bio-binder asphalt binder mixing amount is 10%)and 70#asphalt AC-13 asphalt mixture.Combined with Burgers model,creep data is calculation fitted.Using the relationship between four parameters and high and low temperature property,comparative analysis results that high and low temperature property of compound asphalt both decreased,matching the mixture pavement performance test result.Orthogonal experiment design method is used to design bio-binder asphalt performance improvement experimentation.Modifier chooses waste rubber powder and SBS.The optimal scheme is that waste rubber powder content is 15%,SBS content is 2%and bio-binder content is 15%.更多还原