【作者】 刘俊；

【导师】 田宙； 谢淑红；

【作者基本信息】 湘潭大学 ， 材料科学与工程， 2017， 硕士

【摘要】 随着国民经济快速的发展,单层钢化玻璃依靠其优异的性能在现代化都市建筑和交通等领域得到了广泛的应用。但是,单层钢化玻璃作为一种脆性材料,在冲击波作用下易于破坏,并且破坏后会带来人员伤亡和财物损失。因此,研究冲击波作用下单层钢化玻璃毁伤效应具有广泛的应用前景,如意外爆炸、事故爆炸、恐怖袭击等爆炸事件的毁伤评估以及结构防护分析和抗爆设计等都需要此研究作为参考。目前对冲击波作用下单层钢化玻璃毁伤效应的研究已成为国内外学者关注的一个重要课题,近年来用试验方法、数值模拟方法和解析方法已经取得了一些成果,其中对夹层玻璃的研究相对较多,对单层钢化玻璃的研究还很少,还没有学者对单层钢化玻璃在冲击波作用下毁伤的P-I曲线进行过研究。本文借助数值模拟方法和试验方法,对单层钢化玻璃在冲击波载荷作用下的毁伤效应进行了数值模拟和外场实验研究。主要开展了如下工作:1)项目组进行了一系列外场实验来研究冲击波对单层钢化玻璃的毁伤效应。本次试验采用直接引爆TNT炸药产生冲击波,作用在已固定好的单层钢化玻璃板上。通过对同一规格的单层钢化玻璃板进行多次试验,将实验测得的冲击波参数和碎片进行分析讨论,得到了单层钢化玻璃在受到冲击波载荷作用下破碎的超压冲量阈值。为本文的数值模拟研究奠定了实验对比的基础。2)建立了一套完整的冲击波作用下单层钢化玻璃毁伤效应的数值模拟模型。包括对单层钢化玻璃板采用Lagrange方法描述,对场地实验测得超压载荷进行简化、对钢化玻璃板模型边界条件的设定以及单层钢化玻璃本构和破坏准则的选取。通过对计算机计算时间和计算结果精度的综合考虑,对单层钢化玻璃板单元网格尺寸的敏感性进行了验证,重点利用场地实验和数值模拟对单层钢化玻璃板破坏的应变阈值进行了研究。3)借助场地实验结果和文献中实验结果对建立的冲击波作用下单层钢化玻璃毁伤效应的数值模型的合理性进行了验证。对场地实验结果进行归纳和分析,通过已建立的数值模型计算了与场地实验每发试验相对应的超压冲量组合,把计算得到的单层钢化玻璃位移云图及破坏情况与场地实验进行比对,二者吻合较好,验证了所建立的数值模型的合理性。4)利用建立的数值模型对冲击波作用下单层钢化玻璃的毁伤效应开展了规律性研究。通过已验证的数值模型进行大量的计算,得到了一系列冲击波作用下单层钢化玻璃破坏的临界超压冲量阈值,进一步,对计算所得的数据点进行曲线拟合,得到了冲击波作用下单层钢化玻璃毁伤的P-I曲线及经验公式。最后分别研究了在超压一定时和冲量一定时,单层钢化玻璃在冲击波作用下的损伤特征和规律,并且对钢化玻璃破碎后的碎片速度进行了分析。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the rapid development of national economy,the monolithic tempered glass has been widely used in the urban construction and transportation fields because of its excellent performance.Otherwise,the monolithic tempered glass is a kind of brittle material,it is easy to be damaged under the shock wave,thus casualties and the loss property are caused.So the study on the damage effect of monolithic tempered glass under shock wave has a very wide application prospect.The damage assessments of accidental explosive,terrorist attacks are based on the study of monolithic tempered glass and the protection of structure analysis and explosion design also need this research as reference.Recently,the research of the damage effect on the monolithic tempered glass under the shock wave has become an important topic for domestic and foreign scholars.In recently years,through the experimental method,numerical simulation method and analytical method,we have obtained some results.But most of them are about laminated glass,and there is little research on the monolithic tempered glass.The P-I curve of the monolithic tempered glass under shock wave has not been studied.In this paper,the damage effects of the monolithic tempered glass under shock wave are studied by means of experiment and numerical simulation.The mainly work is following as:1)The experimental study on the response of the monolithic tempered glass under shock wave was carried out.The TNT was detonated directly to produce blast shock wave,and the shock wave hit the monolithic tempered glass pane.Through several experiments on the same standard monolithic tempered glass pane,and the shock wave parameters and glass debris are analyzed and discussed.Thus,the overpressure and impulse threshold is obtained,providing important experimental data for numerical simulation in this paper.2)A numerical simulation model is established to study the monolithic tempered glass damage effect of shock wave.Based on ANSYS/LS-DYNA,the Lagrange method is used to describe the monolithic tempered glass.The blast wave loads measured in field tests are simplified reasonably.The proper failure criterion is used to describe the damage of the monolithic tempered glass and the appropriate boundary condition is used in the numerical simulation model.By considering the calculation time and calculation precision,the sensitivity of the grid size of the monolithictempered glass pane is verified.The key point for this chapter is that the strain threshold of the monolithic tempered glass is studied by experimental test and numerical simulation.3)Based on the experimental results obtained in field test and in other papers,the rationality of the numerical simulation model is verified.The results of field experiments are summarized and analyzed.Based on the established numerical model,the overpressure and impulse combinations corresponding to the experimental results are calculated.The calculated displacement nephogram and the damage of monolithic tempered glass are compared with the field experiment.The compared results coincide basically,proving the numerical simulation model is reasonable.4)Using the established numerical simulation model study the damage effect of the monolithic tempered glass under shock wave.A large number of calculations have been performed by the validated model.A series of critical overpressure and impulse threshold of the monolithic tempered glass under shock wave are obtained.Through fitting the calculated data points,the P-I curve and empirical formula of the monolithic tempered glass under shock wave is obtained.At the end of this paper,the damage grade and characteristics of the monolithic tempered glass under shock wave are studied when the overpressure is constant or the impulse is constant and the velocity of the fragment of monolithic tempered glass is analyzed.更多还原