【作者】 王磊；

【导师】 徐涵蕾；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工程大学 ， 公共管理硕士（MPA）（专业学位）， 2016， 硕士

【摘要】 特种设备的安全与人们生活息息相关,它的发展涉及到经济、工业、生活等多个方面。特种设备这一名词的由来就在于它的高危性,按照事故发生的环节来看,其在使用环节最易发生意外。近年来,国家也逐渐重视对特种设备的安全监管工作,针对特种设备的生产、使用等多个环节建立了相应的法律法规,即《特种设备安全法》。特种设备的存在方便了人们的生活,随着经济的发展,哈尔滨市特种设备的数量年年增长,现已达到6773台,而随之而来的特种设备监管力量不足、使用单位使用不规范等问题也暴露了出来。因此,本文从现有人员配备的基础上提出建立特种设备使用环节安全监管模式来提高特种设备使用环节安全监管的效率,消除特种设备安全隐患。本文首先阐述了我国特种设备安全监管的内涵、体制,针对特种设备使用环节分析了国内总体监管情况,并选取哈尔滨市作为研究对象,总结了目前哈尔滨市特种设备安全监管的概况及提出的有效举措,指出了哈尔滨市特种安全设备监管存在的问题,并对原因进行了深入分析。其次,通过分析欧美发达国家如美国、德国,亚洲国家如日本、马来西亚的安全监管模式的特点,为哈尔滨特种设备安全监管工作提供借鉴。再次,从哈尔滨特种设备安全监管情况出发,确定了监管模式的总体目标是安全管理效益最大化,确定了监管模式的总体设计,运用风险管理理论及风险评价理论,制定了特种设备使用环节分类的定性评价及定量评价模型,提出激励约束机制有效提升特种设备使用单位的安全使用意识,总结出哈尔滨特种设备使用环节分类监管模式;最后,提出了五项措施来保障分类监管模式的可行性:以政府主导的多元治理、加快检验检测机构的市场化进程、特种设备使用单位主体责任的落实、特种设备责任保险的推进以及加快安全信息化建设。希望通过以上研究为其他地区的特种设备监管提供思路,提升国内特种设备安全监管效率,将市民的安全放在首位。更多还原

【Abstract】 Special equipment safety is closely related to people’s life, it involves the development of economic, industrial, life, and many other aspects. Special equipment of the origin of the term lies in its high risk, according to the link to see the accident in using stage most prone to accidents. In recent years, the country also gradually pay attention to the safety supervision of special equipment, the production and use of special equipment and other aspects of the establishment of the corresponding laws and regulations, that is, " Special Equipment Safety Law of the People’s Republic of China". The existence of special equipment facilitate people’s lives, with the development of economy, Harbin City special equipment number has increased year by year, has now reached 6773, and the attendant lack of regulatory power of special equipment, the use of non-standard units and other issues have also been exposed.Therefore, this article on the basis of the existing staff proposed to establish a special equipment usage safety supervision mode to improve the efficiency of the special equipment usage safety supervision, eliminate the special equipment safety hazards.In this paper, first of all, the connotation of the special equipment safety supervision, the safety supervision system and the use situation in China are expounded, and regarded the special equipment safety supervision using stage situation in Harbin as the research object,summarized the current general situation of Harbin city special equipment safety supervision and put forward the effective measures, pointed out the problems of Harbin city special safety equipment inspection, and carried on the thorough analysis of the reasons. Secondly, through the analysis of the European and American developed countries such as America, Germany,the Asian countries such as Japan, Malaysia, funded the characteristics of their safety supervision mode, provided reference for our country special equipment safety supervision work. Again, starting from the Harbin institute of special equipment safety supervision situation, had been clear about the maximum benefits of supervisory mode is the overall goal of safety management, the overall design of the supervisory mode, used the theory of risk management theory and risk evaluation, established the qualitative evaluation of the special equipment using stage classification and quantitative evaluation model, and established the incentive and constraints mechanism for classification regulation, summarized the Harbin special equipment using stage classification supervision mode; Finally, in order to protect the safety of special equipment in using stage, five effective measures are put forward:government led multiple governance, accelerate the process of market inspection and testing agencies, the use of special equipment to implement the main responsibility of the unit, the promotion of special equipment liability insurance and accelerate the construction of safety information.Hope that through the above research to provide ideas for other areas of special equipment supervision, improve the domestic special equipment safety supervision efficiency,put the public safety in the first place.更多还原