【作者】 王莹；

【导师】 赵振乾；

【作者基本信息】 河南大学 ， 美术学， 2017， 硕士

【摘要】 生活在明代末期的王阳明是中国古代主观唯心主义哲学的代表人物之一,在哲学思想上,他上承陆九渊学说,成为心学思想的集大成者,与此同时,王阳明还是一位才华横溢的文学家、教育家、书法家。就书法艺术方面来讲,其现存书法作品数量较多,发展脉络清晰完整,作品留存完好,字迹大多清晰可辨,具有极高的艺术欣赏价值和学术研究价值。因此,王阳明也当之无愧地称得上是一位书法大家。在王阳明生活的明代中后期,商品经济的繁荣发展带动了资本主义萌芽的产生,导致传统的思想和封建制度受到了一定程度的冲击,同时由于朝野上下的政治腐败和统治者对政务的荒废,使得此时的明朝统治陷入了危机之中。然而也正是这样的社会形势和经济背景为王阳明心学思想的产生与传播提供了便利条件,奠定了其政治、思想和经济方面的基础。王阳明的心学思想将人的主观能动性提到了极高的地位,要求人们通过内省反观己心,以寻得个人心中最初最纯真的“良知”,通过“知行合一”的方式将良知与行为实践行为相统一,并得到了众多支持,广泛应用于日常生活和治国理政等方方面面。而对于艺术家们来说,也提供了一种积极主动的方式教人去追寻个性解放、睥睨正统,以获得艺术上的超越。王阳明本人作为中国古代儒林学者的重要代表人物之一,其生活重心虽不在对于书艺的探索钻研上,书法创作行为却也是其日常文化生活的重要载体,在风格特点上也必然会受到其心学思想的影响。王阳明的书法艺术传承二王、法宗晋唐,虽中和流美,却一反当时“馆阁体”的书风潮流,自有其独特的风格特点。本无意“游于艺”,却在书法领域颇有建树。相比于理论和技法,他更加注重书法的内在精神,主张从“心”出发,理性客观地对待所谓正统和法度。这种书写观与哲学观的遭逢,成就了他与众不同的艺术风格——以心御笔,以书写心。对王阳明书法艺术本身进行剖析,有助于我们直观地把握明清一代书法整体风格与传承脉络,从而为后来学习者提供理论与实践方面的参考和借鉴。而对于其心学美学以及心学思想在王阳明艺术上的影响,则有助于我们以前人思想精髓为借鉴,从而反观己心,从哲学高度和思想的层面深刻认识书法艺术的精神内涵。对于书法学习者从心学角度出发,探寻属于自己的艺术风格具有积极的启发的意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 Wang Yangming,lived in the late Ming Dynasty,was one of the representatives of subjective idealist philosophy in ancient China.In philosophy,he inherited the theory of Lu Jiuyuan and became a master of the philosophy of the mind.At the same time,Wang Yangming is also a brilliant writer,educator,calligrapher.In terms of calligraphy art,there are a lot of existing calligraphy works,the development process is clear and complete,his works are retained intact,most of the writing is clearly visible,which have a high artistic appreciation value and academic research value.Therefore,Wang Yangming has also been deservedly called a great master of calligraphy.In the late Ming Dynasty that Wang Yangming lived in,the prosperity and development of commodity economy led to the emergence of capitalism,leading to the traditional thinking and feudal system have been shocked to a certain degree.At the same time,because of the political corruption of the court from top to bottom and the deserted government affairs by the rulers,it made the rule of the Ming Dynasty into a crisis at that time.However,it is also such a social situation and economic background that provided a convenient condition for the birth and dissemination of Wang Yangming thought,and laid the foundation of the politics,ideology and economy.The mind thinking of Wang Yangming puts the subjective initiative to a very high status,it requires people to find the most original and the most pure "conscience" at heart through the introspection of their own heart,to unit conscience and behavioral practice through the approach of "the unity of knowing and doing".Moreover,it has got a lot of support,widely used in daily life and governance and other aspects.And for the artists,it also provides a proactive way to teach people to pursue individual liberation,look askance at orthodoxy,so as to get the transcendence of art.Of calligraphy art in itself,help us intuitively grasp the whole generation of Ming and qing dynasties calligraphy style and the inheritance,which provide theory and practice for later learners in terms of reference and reference.And for the broadcasting and the influence of wang yangming on wang yangming art,the essence before helps us to draw lessons from,and in his own heart,deep understanding from the lay of philosophy height and the spirit of calligraphy.For calligraphy learners from the Angle of the mind,explore their own artistic style has the positive inspiration significance.更多还原