【作者】 张波；

【导师】 谷俊杰； 唐峻；

【作者基本信息】 华北电力大学 ， 工程硕士（专业学位）， 2017， 硕士

【摘要】 我国一次能源结构比较单一,其中约75%左右来自于煤炭,2011年全国耗煤36.2亿吨,其中燃烧一吨煤炭,氮氧化物大约会产生5 kg至30 kg。根据我国环保部门的测算,2010年全国的火力发电厂一年排出的总的氮氧化物量就有900多万吨,占我国总氮氧化物排放量的三分之一左右,由此可见,火力发电厂排放的烟气是环境污染的主要原因。我们赖以生存的环境不断地变坏,严重影响到了正常生活,所以迫切地需要制定出控制火力发电厂烟气排放标准的相关制度,对火力发电厂锅炉增加脱硝装置显得迫在眉睫。包头第二热电厂两台机组分别于2006年12月和2007年6月建成发电。当时均未装设脱硝装置。烟煤为这两台锅炉用煤种类。改造前,氮氧化物排放浓度非常大,小的时候在450 mg/Nm~3,大的时候能达到630 mg/Nm~3。为配合国家的减排目标,对环境治理做出贡献,我厂决定对#3炉装设脱硝系统,减少氮氧化物的排放浓度。改造前,锅炉的平均氮氧化物排放浓度大概是500 mg/Nm~3,#3炉总的排出值大概为3000吨/年(机组年利用5500小时)。装设脱硝装置后,100 mg/Nm~3的排出值为最高,减少了大概2500吨的氮氧化物排出,对提高包头市的空气质量有很大的作用。还将大幅度减少电厂每年的NO_x排污费。另外,氮氧化物对环境的污染不仅仅是会形成我们现在常见的雾霾天气,还会对人的身体造成不可逆的影响,因为氮氧化物会和空气中的物质结合产生有害物质。所以,减少氮氧化物排放势在必行。更多还原

【Abstract】 Wants in our country energy structure 70~80% to provide approximately by the coal,in 2009 the national coal consumption 3,020,000,000 tons,burn every time a ton coal,produces the 5~30kg nitrogen oxide compound approximately.According to Chinese Environmental protection Industry Association organizes "Chinese Thermoelectric power station Nitrogen Oxide compound Emissions Control Technology Plan Memoir" the statistics to demonstrate,in 2009 the thermoelectric power station emissions NO_x total quantity increased to 9,090,000 tons,approximately composes the national nitrogen oxide compound emissions total quantity 35~40%,the power plant boiler has become one of main air pollution fixed emissions sources.In order to improve the atmospheric environment quality,the country and the partial local authority have formulated day by day the severe nitrogen oxide compound emissions standard in view of the thermal power profession,requests to take the measure to carry on the pollution government.The Baotou second thermal power plant two units separately and in June,2007 complete the electricity generation in December,2006.The boiler design burns with the bituminous coal,at present,NO_x emissions density 450~630mg/Nm~3,for should to “35”request and prepares carry out "Thermoelectric power station Air pollutant Emissions Standard" approximately to the thermal power profession nitrogen oxide compound control(GB13223-2011),the power plant plans to take the measure to carry on the nitrogen oxide compound to reduce a row of government.Boiler primitive NO_x the emissions density high 500mg/Nm~3,2 Taiwan boiler year discharges the NO_x tota quantity 5877 tons(unit year to use approximately approximately for 5500 hours).After takes the SCR transformation measure to control NO_x 100mg/Nm~3,the year will reduce arranges the NO_x total quantity approximately 4701 tons,to will improve local the atmospheric environment quality to have the vital role,the environment and the social efficiency is remarkable.Will be also large scale reduces power plant every year the NO_x effluent fee.In addition,thermoelectric power station emissions NO_x besides forms the acid rain,but also meets and the hydrocarbon response production carcinogen,has the serious influence to the human body.Therefore,reduces the NO_x emissions large scale through the denitrate project implementation,will be helpful in improves the local atmospheric environment,will have the good macroscopic social efficiency.更多还原