【作者】 韩敏；

【导师】 红梅；

【作者基本信息】 内蒙古农业大学 ， 土壤学， 2017， 硕士

【摘要】 内蒙古农业大学海流园区分布着大面积的盐碱土壤,在农业上一直得不到充分利用,所以对其改良势在必行。本研究采用田间试验及室内实验相结合的分析方法,通过使用有机肥(0)、复合肥(F)、改良剂T及生物改良剂E四种物质形成的12种改良措施对内蒙古海流园区的碱化土壤进行改良,系统的结合土壤性质及试验作物苜蓿的生长情况的变化,对12种改良措施做出效果评价,筛选找出最佳的改良措施。主要研究结果如下:(1)施用改良剂E后,土壤碱化度平均下降3.50%;土壤的全盐含量与CK相比,也呈现出一定的降低趋势,全盐含量平均下降了 0.77g/kg;改良后土壤pH的变化为,0-10cm 土层的pH从9.50降低到8.49,10-20cm 土层中的pH也从原来的9.49下降到了 8.62,土层20-30cm中的pH也下降了 0.37,所以施用改良剂E对土壤的改良有很好的效果。(2)从整体上来看,不同的改良方法有着不同程度的改良效果,按照各处理对改良效果大小的排序是处理E>处理F+E>处理O+T+F>处理O+E+T+F>处理T>处理O+E>处理E+T>处理O+E+F>处理F+T+E>处理O+E+T>处理O+T>处理F+T>CK。处理E的改良效果最显著,处理F+T的改良作用比较小。(3)施用改良剂后土壤有机质0-30cm 土层中的含量没有太大变化。而处理E和处理F+E对土壤中微生物碳的影响却非常明显,而且相比较于对照CK,处理E及处理F+E均达到了极显著水平。(4)各改良措施不仅对土壤性质有一定的改良效果,对种植的苜蓿也产生了一定的影响。首先苜蓿的出苗率在不同的改良措施下有了不同幅度的提高。苜蓿的株高在施用改良后也有不同幅度的增加。苜蓿的生物学产量也会随着改良方式的不同发生不同的变化,与对照CK比较,处理E对苜蓿的生物量增产47.899%,处理F+E增产42.84%,处理F+T是相对于其他处理增产最少,只有6.24%。通过本试验筛选得出的最佳改良措施是处理E,其在土壤和作物中都起到最佳的作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Hailiu area of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,the distribution of large areas of the saline-alkali soil,in agriculture has not been fully utilized,so its improvement is imperative.In this study,12 kinds of improved measures were established by using organic fertilizer(O),compound fertilizer(F),modifier T and bio-modified agent(E)in field experiment and indoor experiment.The improvement of the alkalized soil,the systematic combination of soil properties and the growth of alfalfa in the test crop,and evaluated the effect of the 12 improved measures to identify the best improvement measures.The main findings are as follows:(1)the application of modifier E,soil alkalinity of the soil decreased by 3.50%,and the total salt content of the soil decreased with the CK,and the total salt content decreased by 0.77g/kg on average.After the improved soil pH,the pH of the 0-10 cm soil layer decreased from 9.50 to 8.49,and the pH in the 10-20 cm soil layer dropped from the original 9.49 to 8.62 and the pH in the soil layer 20-30 cm decreased by 0.37,so that the modifier E Improve the soil has a very good effect.(2)On the whole,different methods of improvement have different degrees of improvement.the order of the effect of the treatment is processed according to the processing.E>Process F + E>Process O + T + F>Process O + E + T + F>Process T>Process O + E>Process E + T>Treatment O + E + F>Treatment F + T + E>Treatment O + E + T>Treatment O + T>Treatment F + T>CK.The improvement effect of treatment E is the most significant,and the improvement effect of treatment F + T is relatively weak.(3)The content of soil organic matter 0-30cm soil layer did not change much after applying the modifier.The effect of treatment E and F + E on soil microbial carbon was very obvious,and compared with CK,treatment E and treatment F + E reached a very significant level.(4)The improvement measures not only have some improvement effect on the soil properties,but also have some influence on the planting alfalfa.First,the emergence rate of alfalfa in different improvement measures have different degrees of improvement.The plant height of alfalfa also increased after application.The biological yield of alfalfa will also change with the change of the way.Compared with CK,the biomass of Alfalfa increased by 47.89%,the yield of F + E was 42.84%,and the treatment of F + T was the same as that of other Processing yield at least,only 6.24%.The best improvement achieved by this test is to treat E,which plays the best role in soil and crop.更多还原