【作者】 刘强；

【导师】 段国韬； 周飞；

【作者基本信息】 中国科学技术大学 ， 凝聚态物理， 2017， 硕士

【摘要】 有机半导体由于制备方法简单、成本低廉、可实现室温或者相对低温的气体敏感特性等优势,逐渐受到人们的密切关注。然而,有机半导体材料还存在成膜工艺复杂、有机膜与传感器件兼容性较差、灵敏度低和响应速率慢等缺点,严重限制了有机半导体气体传感器的发展和应用。因此,本论文以酞菁钴（CoPc）,酞菁铜（CuPc）和聚苯胺等有机半导体为例,并研制相应的气体传感器和探索其气敏特性,希望能够改进或者解决以上问题,主要取得如下成果:（1）通过苯酐-尿素法合成酞菁钴有机半导体,继而采用气液界面自组装法制备酞菁钴薄膜。系统研究热激发状态下酞菁钴薄膜对NO₂的气敏特性,并进一步深入探索紫外光激发下酞菁钴薄膜的气敏特性,期望实现对N0₂的室温检测。（2）以聚苯乙烯球阵列薄膜为模板,在电极上通过氧化聚合原位生长聚苯胺空心球阵列薄膜。研究了聚苯胺空心球阵列薄膜对胺类气体的室温检测性能。通过改变聚苯乙烯模板的疏水性能,发现疏水性能够促进聚苯胺空心球的形成;通过采用不同的有机酸掺杂,揭示了聚苯胺气敏性能受有机酸种类的影响及其规律。（3）采用气液界面自组装法制备了无机/有机复合（Cu20/CuPc）敏感薄膜,发现了制备的敏感薄膜对三甲胺（TMA）具有响应能力快速（秒级）,灵敏度高和分辨率好等优点,该实验为研制高性能TMA气体传感器提供了新的方法和解决途径。基于以上内容,本论文不仅系统研究了基于有机半导体的气体传感器的制作工艺与气敏特性,还为高性能有机半导体传感器的制备提供了新的设计思路和途径。更多还原

【Abstract】 Organic semiconductors have been widely studied,due to their simple synthetic method and low cost.Moreover,gas sensors based on organic semiconductor can detect target gases at room temperature or relatively low operating temperature.However,organic semiconductor materials have many disadvantages such as complex film forming technology,poor compatibility between organic thin films and sensor devices,low sensitivity and low response rate.These defects limit the development and application of organic semiconductor gas sensors.Herein,in order to research and optimize the gas sensing characteristics of organic semiconductor gas sensors,cobalt phthalocyanine（CoPc）,copper phthalocyanine（CuPc）and polyaniline are selected as sensitive materials in this paper,and investigate their properties as gas sensors.Main achievements are as follows:（1）Cobalt phthalocyanine was synthesized based on the route of phthalic anhydride and urea,and then cobalt phthalocyanine thin films were prepared by method of gas-liquid interface self-assembly.The optimum gas sensing performances of cobalt phthalocyanine thin films for NO₂ were obtained by thermal excitation.Also,the cobalt phthalocyanine thin films were excited by ultraviolet light,and the room temperature detection of NO₂ was realized.（2）In-situ growth of polyaniline hollow sphere array films on the electrode using polystyrene spheres as template.The room temperature detection performance of polyaniline hollow sphere array was studied experimentally.Through different hydrophobic polystyrene templates,the hydrophobic effect was found to promote the formation of polyaniline hollow spheres.Different organic acids were used to show that the gas sensing properties of polyaniline were affected by organic acids.（3）Inorganic/organic composite materials were used to prepare Cu₂O/CuPc thin films as gas sensing materials.It is found that the Cu₂O/CuPc composite film has the advantages of instantaneous response,high sensitivity and high resolution,and thus provides a new way for the development of high performance TMA gas sensors.Based on the above contents,in this paper the fabrication process and gas sensing performances of gas sensors based on organic semiconductors are systematically studied,which provides an effective design method for the preparation of organic semiconductor sensors with high performance.更多还原