培养大学生编程兴趣的研究

【作者】 倪强；

【导师】 季隽；

【作者基本信息】 上海师范大学 ， 教育硕士（专业学位）， 2017， 硕士

【摘要】 知识经济时代,人类逐渐步入数字化和信息化的社会,技术创新成为推动社会发展的主要力量之一。而计算机科学作为当今最重要的学科之一,着重研究和推动了人工智能、信息技术和计算机硬件及软件的发展。IT行业的蓬勃发展以及计算机技术在高校教学中逐步深化都对在校大学生的计算机语言编程能力提出了更高的要求。计算机编程语言是编程人员解析程序结构的必要工具,编程(programming)水平也综合反映了大学生的逻辑思维和计算机技术掌握程度,良好的编程技巧是算法设计、程序设计和软件功能实现的必要前提,它要求学生同时具备扎实的理论知识和实践经验。从现实角度来看,大学生日常接触计算机时间较多,有充分的精力,学习欲望较强,计算机行业就业缺口大、薪水高。综合来看,大学生天然拥有良好的编程学习环境和学习动机。然而据相关调查和数据表明,在校大学生实际编程经验较少、计算机编程能力较低、且课下学习计算机编程的主动性较差。同时,部分高校的计算机教学模式较为保守,课堂编程题目脱离实际生活,容易造成学生厌学情绪。尤其是对信息技术不甚了解的学生往往对计算机编程有畏惧心理,大量大学生在该领域的视野受到了较多的局限,故选择合适的教学模式以及学习环境来激发大学生的编程兴趣和和调高编程水平尤为重要。本课题旨在研究讨论大学生编程兴趣的培养,以现有相关知识理论为基础,通过访谈和问卷调查分析了影响大学生编程学习兴趣的原因,并提出了培养大学生编程兴趣的策略。文章的架构和内容如下:(1)绪论。介绍了课题的研究背景、研究问题、研究目的和意义,分析了国内外研究状况和相关研究理论,阐述了本文的具体研究内容并说明了课题研究方法。(2)研究过程。本课题以调查问卷作为主要研究工具。问卷的编制经历了三个阶段。首先笔者对几名大学生进行了访谈,并根据谈话内容编制了开放式问卷,初步确认了问题研究范围;然后依据开放式问卷的结果设计了初测问卷,形式为李克特量表,并通过SPSS 21.0统计软件进行了相应的信度和效度检测,剔除了不符合研究的问题;最后形成了正式问卷,对96位大学生进行了调查。回收问卷后,再次结对数据结果作分析。(3)数据分析。问卷的结果初步表明:计算机相关专业的学生容易对编程产生兴趣;男生比女生容易产生兴趣;很多人对编程有兴趣是因为觉得学好编程技术能找到好工作;大多数学生对编程的知识来自于学校;一部分人认为他们对编程不感兴趣的原因是学校课程枯燥乏味等;对编程知识的陌生会明显抑制学生对编程的兴趣。同时本部分归纳了影响大学生学习兴趣的各个因素的重要程度,笔者认为影响程度较大的因素是:知识学习的难度,当学生觉得编程太难时,学习兴趣显著降低;学校课程的趣味性,有趣的课程更容易吸引学生的兴趣;学生本身的知识储备,有编程基础的人更容易接纳相关知识;知识本身的实用性,比如学生学了编程之后是否会对生活有帮助。其中,编程特别吸引大学生的一点是,社会上软件编程相关工作的薪水往往超过其他行业,这点对大部分学生尤其有吸引力。(4)培养大学生编程兴趣的方案研究。通过以上研究,笔者针对影响学生编程兴趣的要素提出培养其编程兴趣的方案:丰富教学方式,提升课程实用性,比如学校编程课程不在围绕单纯的理论知识展开,而是基于项目式教学,将理论知识和实际应用结合在一起,便于学生深入理解;对大学生开展相关就业指导,由于计算机编程工作相较其他行业在收入上对于应届生有天然优势,所以借此吸引更多学生的目光;创造轻松、活泼的课堂氛围,调动学生的上课情绪,缓解学生遇到知识难点的焦虑情绪;因材施教,计算机相关专业的学生、非相关专业的理工科学生和文科学生均有不同程度的知识背景和思维特点,必须把握中其中的差异才能才能教学效果最大化。(5)总结。本课题主要目的是通过实践理论相结合,找到课题的切入点,研究影响大学生编程兴趣的因素同时提出改善大学生编程兴趣的建议,为以后国内该领域的探索提供一定的参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the era of knowledge economy,human beings are stepping into a digital and information-based society,and technological innovation has become one of the main forces to promote social development.As one of the most important subjects,computer science focuses on the research and development of artificial intelligence,information technology and computer hardware and software.The vigorous development of IT industry and the gradual deepening of computer technology in college teaching have put higher demands on the computer programming ability of College students.Computer programming language is a necessary tool for programmers to program structure analysis,programming(programming)level also reflects the logical thinking and computer technology college students master degree,good programming skills is the algorithm design and program design and software functions to achieve the necessary premise,it also requires students to have a solid theoretical knowledge and practical experience.From a practical point of view,college students are exposed to more computer time,have full energy,have a strong desire to learn,and have great employment gap and high salary in computer industry.On the whole,students naturally have good programming learning environment and learning motivation.However,according to the relevant survey and data,college students have less practical programming experience,less computer programming ability,and less initiative in computer programming.At the same time,some colleges and universities computer teaching model is more conservative,the classroom programming topic out of actual life,easily cause students to study weariness.Especially do not understand the information technology students often have a fear of computer programming,the vision in the field of a large number of students has been more limited,so choosing the proper mode of teaching and learning environment to stimulate students’ interest and raise the level of programming programming is very important.The purpose of this subject is to discuss the cultivation of College Students’ interest in programming,based on the existing knowledge theory,factors influencing college students’ interest in learning programming are analyzed through interview and questionnaire survey,and puts forward the cultivation of College Students’ interest in programming strategy.The structure and content of the article are as follows:(1)Introduction.This paper introduces the research background,research questions,research purposes and significance,analyzes the research status and related research theories at home and abroad,expounds the specific research content of this article,and illustrates the research methods of this topic.(2)Research process.This topic takes questionnaire as the main research tool.The preparation of the questionnaire has gone through three stages.Firstly,the author conducted interviews with several students,and the preparation of the open questionnaire according to the conversation,the initial recognition of the scope of the problem;and then based on the results of the open questionnaire designed a preliminary questionnaire form for the Li Ke scale,and the reliability and validity of the corresponding statistical software SPSS 21,excluding do not meet the research question;finally form the formal questionnaire,conducted a survey of 96 College students.After the questionnaires were collected,the data were analyzed again.(3)Data analysis.The results of the questionnaire showed that computer related professional students easily interested in programming;boys than girls to interest;many people interested in programming is because programming technology can find a good job;most of the students of programming knowledge from school;some people think that they are not interested in programming is the school curriculum is boring;the strange will inhibit the programming knowledge of the students interest in programming.At the same time,this part sums up the effects of the degree of importance of each factors of College Students’ interest in learning,the factors that affect the larger degree of knowledge is the difficulty of learning,when students feel programming is too difficult,learning interest decreased significantly;the fun of school curriculum,interesting courses are easier to attract the interest of students;students’ knowledge reserve.Basic programming more easily accepted knowledge;practical knowledge itself,such as students will help to live programming.Among other things,programming is particularly attractive to college students,who tend to pay more than others in software programming related jobs,which is particularly attractive for most students.(4)Research on the program of cultivating College Students’ interest in programming.Through the research above,the author puts forward the cultivation of interest in programming solutions for factors affecting students’ interest in programming: enrich the teaching methods,enhance the practical use of the curriculum,such as curriculum in school programming theory around the pure knowledge,but based on project teaching,theoretical knowledge and practical application combine together,which isconvenient for students to understand the;college students employment guidance,because the computer programming work compared to other industries in income have a natural advantage for graduates,so to attract more attention of students;create a relaxed and lively classroom atmosphere,arouse students’ class mood,relieve anxiety of students encounter difficulties of knowledge;teaching,computer related majors,non the background knowledge and thinking of students of science and engineering and the liberal arts students have different degrees of related professional In order to maximize the teaching effect,we must grasp the differences among them.(5)Summary.The main purpose of this project is to use the combination of theory and practice,find the starting point of research,to study the influencing factors of College Students’ interest in programming and put forward suggestions to improve students’ interest in programming,to provide a reference for future research in this field in China.更多还原