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新型SERS基底的模板法制备及其检测应用
【作者】 李凯；
【导师】 何辉；
【作者基本信息】 扬州大学 ， 微电子学与固体电子学， 2017， 硕士
【摘要】 三维SERS衬底具有优异的表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)性能,是当前SERS衬底研究的热点和难点。本论文通过采用新的制备方法,合成了三种新颖、高效、绿色的三维SERS衬底,研究了它们的SERS活性和增强机理,为探测农药和有机污染物提供了材料基础。本论文主要的创新结果如下:1.基于聚苯乙烯胶体球阵列模板,利用等离子体刻蚀和溅射技术,合成了多孔金@银空心球壳阵列。球壳表面具有均匀致密的纳米孔。这种既粗糙又多孔的周期性银球壳阵列展现了极强的SERS性能,并且信号一致性好。由于工艺简单,可以大尺度制备,有望在SERS传感领域得到实际应用。2.基于静电纺丝模板-置换反应策略,合成了由介多孔金纳米管构筑的三维薄膜。薄膜外观均匀,纳米尺度多介孔。重要的是,由于独特的结构,这种金纳米管薄膜具有优越的SERS性能。由于工艺简单、无污染、能大尺度制备,并且薄膜能够转移和随意裁剪,有望在SERS传感领域得到实际应用。3.基于水热法-CVD法,制备了海胆状的空心石墨烯球。这种微纳结构的三维石墨烯尺寸均匀,组成海胆状石墨烯的纳米棒是由纳米尺寸的石墨烯球组成。重要的是,这种石墨烯展现出很强的化学SERS增强能力。
【Abstract】 Currently,3D SERS substrates exhibit promising potentials and have become one of the hot research subjects in SERS fields.In this thesis,three novel,effective and green 3D SERS substrates are designed and constructed based on new fabrication strategies.The SERS performances and enhancement mechanisms of these substrates are studied.Further,their applications in detecting pesticides and organic pollutants are investigated.The main achievements are summarized as follows:Firstly,based on the polystyrene sphere template-plasma etching strategy,porous Au @Ag hollow sphere arrays are obtained.There are dense nanoporous distributed on the surface of the spherical shells.Such structured hollow sphere array shows strong SERS activity with good stability.It is highly possible that this SERS substrate can be used in practical application because it can be fabricated in a facile way and in large scale.Secondly,3D hierarchically porous Au films are fabricated via Ag-coated electrospun nanofiber template and displacement reaction.Due to their unique sturcture,the films have exhibited significant surface-enhanced Raman scattering activity with good stability and reproducibility.In addition,the film is flexible and can be transferred to any other substrates.Thirdly,hierarchical urchin-like graphene hollow spheres are successfully synthesized via hydro-thermal method and CVD.The graphene spheres are formed by interconnecting few-layered graphene nanballs.Importantly,they possess strong chemical SERS enhancement ability.