【作者】 王晶；

【导师】 王雅；

【作者基本信息】 辽宁大学 ， 中国哲学， 2017， 硕士

【摘要】 《左传》是中国古代第一部记事详赡的编年体史书,内容涉及礼制、政治、邦交、军事、文化、习俗等诸多领域。《左传》中的礼更是内容庞杂,影响广泛。西周之礼沿用至春秋时期,新的历史条件使得礼产生了新的转变。这种转变在《左传》中表现为在注重礼的外在形式的同时强调礼的内在道德作用,强调对礼的内在实质的把握。本文从《左传》原文及相关史料出发,通过对《左传》中的礼与西周之礼相异原因的探析,认为在春秋时期经济与社会文化原因的双重作用下使礼发生损益。对于《左传》中的礼所产生的损益从三个方面展开论述,首先阐释《左传》中礼的基本问题,认为道德性和政治性是《左传》之礼的两个基本原则,《左传》之礼所呈现出的礼的道德性和政治性既是对西周制统治者制礼作乐目的和作用的阐明和强化,也是针对当时“礼坏乐崩”状态努力修复礼制、发挥礼维护社会秩序功能的努力。第二,本文对礼与德、孝、忠、义的关系进行探讨,认为礼是德落实于现世之中的外在表现形式,人在尊礼的过程中不断完善自身德性;孝在由宗族内部的家庭伦理向其他社会关系推衍的过程中必须遵循礼义;忠作为孝的延伸促使人不断调整自己的行为使之合于礼;礼通过典章节度的形式将代表原则和规范的义显性化,礼仪行为也由此成为义的外在表现形式。可见,《左传》中礼通过与其他道德范畴有机结合实现对人的道德约束。最后,通过对《左传》礼所包含的治国思想与实践的梳理总结,从《左传》中的礼的现实功用上来说明礼将德落实于人及社会的方式。《左传》中所记史实反映出的廉政思想、民本思想、以及在法律制度方面的改革都是德以治国之礼的形式融入到治国理政之中的实践。而《左传》中所记述的盟约思想、联姻制度以及军事思想则是通过列国邦交之礼对德的实践。更多还原

【Abstract】 Zuo Zhuan is the first part of the ancient C hinese history of the annals of the chronological history books,content related to ritual,political,diplomatic relations,military,culture,customs and many other areas.Zuo Zhuan in the ceremony is more complex,extensive impact.The Western Zhou Dynasty ceremony followed to the Spring and Autumn Period,the new historical conditions make the Zuo Zhuan in the ceremony produced a new change.This change in the Zuo Zhuan in the performance of more emphasis on the moral role of ceremony,emphasizing the inherent essence of the ceremony to grasp.This paper analyzes the reasons of the differences between the rituals and the western rites in Zuo Chuan from the original text of Zuo Chuan and the related historical data,and thinks that in the spring and autumn period,under the dual role of economic and social and cultural reasons.For the profit and loss of the rituals in Zuozhuan,the author discusses the basic problems of the rituals in Zuo Chuan,and points out that morality and politics are the two basic principles of Zuo Zhuan The rituals and politics of the rituals presented by the Zuozhuan are not only the elucidatio n and the enhancement of the purpose and the role of the rulers of the Western Zhou Dynasty,but also the efforts to repair the rituals Efforts to maintain the function of social order.Second,this article discusses the relationship between rituals,filial piety,filial piety,loyalty and righteousness,and thinks that ritual is the external manifestation which is fulfilled in the present world.In the process of respecting the people,The extension of the family ethics within the clan to other social relations must follow the rituals;the extension of the tribute as filial piety causes the person to constantly adjust his own behavior to make it ritual;the ritual will form the form and the norm Righteousness,ritual behavior and thus become the external manifestations of justice.It can be seen that the Zuozhuan in the ceremony through the other moral areas with the organic combination of moral obligations to achieve.Finally,through the summary of the thought and practice of ruling the country in the Zuo Zhuan ceremony,it is explained from the realistic function of the ritual in the Zuo Zhuan.The thought of clean government,the people-oriented thought,and the improvement in the legal system reflected in the historical facts recorded in Zuo Zhuan are the practice of virtue in the form of ruling the country.The covenant thought,the system of marriage and the military thought described in Zuo Zhuan are practiced by virtue of the state of diplomatic relations.更多还原