【作者】 罗敏；

【导师】 姚晓娜；

【作者基本信息】 华东师范大学 ， 思想政治教育， 2017， 硕士

【摘要】 随着改革开放的深入发展,我国的现代化建设取得了前所未有的成就。但与此形成鲜明对比的是,环境污染却呈现愈演愈烈之势,并在一定程度上影响了人们的生产和生活。人们的环保呼声日益高涨,整个社会的环保意识也得到了一定程度的提升。但从整个社会来看,高认同、低认知、践行度不够的环保态势使得环境不断恶化的现状并没有得到明显改善。环境是公共产品和稀缺的公共资源,公众既是环境的使用者,污染者,同时也是环境最有效的保护者。从这个角度来说,环保的最终动力来自公众,没有公众参与,难有环境保护。但从目前公众参与环境保护的现状来看,依然不容乐观,这根源于公众缺乏参与环境保护的动力。因此,本文主要从动力角度切入来研究目前中国公众参与环境保护的问题。本文主要从以下四个方面展开:第一部分重点阐述了公众参与环境保护的现状。首先,对公众参与环境保护进行简要概念界定;其次,介绍公众参与环境保护在我国的历史沿革;最后,在肯定公众参与环境保护在我国取得积极进展的同时,着重剖析其在实践中的问题与不足。第二部分主要借助行为动力理论来分析影响公众参与环境保护的动力因素。以马克思的需要理论、马斯洛的需求层次理论、哈贝马斯和勒温的动力理论作为基础,得出影响公众参与环境保护的动力因素主要有:物质与环境利益、环保信仰、环保知识与能力、环保传统与环境法律制度。第三部分基于上述动力要素,着重剖析公众参与环境保护动力不足的原因。公众普遍奉行物质利益至上的观念,在物质利益与环境公共利益面前,更加倾向物质利益一方;公众环保信仰缺失;环保认知能力较差;公众参与环境保护历史传统薄弱;环境保护法律制度不健全。第四部分试图通过公众利益的实现、多元主体环境治理模式的探索、多维度的环境教育和环境法制的优化等多重路径激发公众参与环境保护的动力。更多还原

【Abstract】 China’s modernization has made unprecedented achievement with the further development of reform and opening-up.But on the contrary,the environment is becoming worse and worse which affect people’s production and life in some degree.The voice of environmental protection is getting louder and louder,and the people’s environmental consciousness is enhanced at the same time.But looked from the whole society,the current environment situation is still worse because of high recognition,low awareness,lack of practice of environmental protection trends.Environment is one of the public products and scarce public resources.The public is the user,polluter and main protector of environment.From this point of view,the public provide the power of environmental production.No public’s participation,no protection.The lack of environmental protection impetus leads that the public’s protection participation and the protection don’t match.This thesis studies the problem of Chinese public’s participation in environmental protection from impetus.It involves four parts.The first part elaborates the situation of the public’s participation in environmental protection.Firstly,explain the notion of the public’s participation in environmental protection.Secondly,introduce the development of the public’s participation in environmental protection.Finally,affirm the progress of the public’s participation in environmental protection and then analyze the problem in practice.The second part analyzes factors of the impetus of public’s participation in environmental protection by the theory on behavior motives.The impetus factors involve substance with environmental interest,environmental protection belief,the knowledge of environmental protection and abilities,the tradition of environmental protection with environmental protection legal system.All of the analyses of factors are based on the theory Marx’s needs theory,Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory,and the dynamic theory of Habermas and Lewin.The third part mainly analyze the reason which based on the power factors for the lack of public participation in environmental protection.The public pursue the concept of material interests generally.In front of the material interests and environmental public interests,the public are inclined to the former more.The public lack belief in environmental protection and environmental awareness.The public’s participation in environmental protection is weak and the environmental protection legal system is not perfect.The fourth part tries to motivate the power,form a joint force,and promote the development of the public’s participation in environmental protection by the realization of public’s interest,the exploration on the governance mode of multiple subject environment and multidimensional environmental education,optimization of environmental law and other paths.更多还原