【作者】 孙强；

【导师】 曹海晶；

【作者基本信息】 华中科技大学 ， 法律硕士（专业学位）， 2016， 硕士

【摘要】 水乃万物生命之源,国民经济之命脉。随着经济社会迅速发展和人口的急剧增加,各类水事违法行为屡禁不止,导致水资源短缺、水污染严重、水生态恶化等问题频发,水资源的短缺是我们当前面对的最大的挑战。因此必须依法治水管水,加强水行政执法。法律的生命力在于实践,水行政执法工作关系到整个水利事业的发展,其在体制方面存在的问题是制约执法效果的根本原因。因此只有以研究水行政执法体制为切入点,对水行政执法主体、机构设置、权力配置和监督机制等问题进行剖析完善,旨在全面提升水行政执法效能,建构良好的水事管理秩序,为促进实现国家水资源及经济社会的可持续发展夯实基础。本文以行政组织法为视角,首先从水行政执法体制概念出发,通过回顾水行政执法体制的发展沿革,重新审视水行政执法体制现状,剖析出我国水行政执法过程中存在水行政执法缺乏自主性和权威性、综合执法未能有效施行、流域与区域执法权的关系一直很难理顺、水行政执法监督机制不完备等体制上的问题,并从行政管理体制的约束和水行政执法缺乏依据两方面阐述存在上述诸多弊端的缘由。然后根据我国的国情和政治体制,选择对国土资源、林业、海洋等三个部门的执法体制先进经验进行分析借鉴。最后结合水行政执法的自身特点提出实现水政监察机构垂直管理、合理配置执法权、设立水利公安、加强流域与区域执法合作、健全水行政执法监督机制等措施,以期对我国水行政执法体制的改革完善有所裨益,实现依法治水。更多还原

【Abstract】 Water is source of all life and the mainstream of the economy. However, with the rapid economic and social development and the rapid increase in population, various kinds of illegal acts on water resource can hardly be prohibited, causing severe problems such as water shortage, water pollution and water ecological deterioration and the shortage of water resources will become the most serious problem of human resources. Therefore, we must strengthen the water administrative enforcement. As the vitality of law lies in the practice, water administrative enforcement influences the development of water conservancy profoundly. Problems emerge from the institution are the main obstacles to enforcement effect. For that reason, only by relying on water administrative enforcement,can we conduct a practical research on subjects, system, privilege division and some other problems of water administrative enforcement, improve the efficiency of water administrative enforcement comprehensively and establish good order in water conservancy. And only in this way can we realize the sustainable development of national water resource and lay a fundamental and guaranteed basis for the sustainable development of the economic society.Based on the professional concepts and theories, this thesis reviews the current system of water administrative enforcement in depth from the legal and administrative angle. Accordingly, the thesis researches on problems of China’s insufficiency of water administrative law enforcement system, such as the lacking of independence, overlapping of the enforcement system, ambiguity and alienation about the enforcement power between water areas and administrative districts, inadequacy in supervisory regime.Meanwhile, the thesis has an analysis on the reasons which lead to the above questions from two aspects of inadequacy in administrative system, laws and relevant regulations.Furthermore, based on China’s national conditions and political system, this researchrefers to the advanced experience of administrative law enforcement in land resource,forestry and marine instead of adopting the foreign researches. Finally, the thesis proposes an authoritative and efficient system with integration of authority and responsibility,including the revision of laws and regulations, legalization of the enforcement power,promotion of the enforcement independence, integrating powers of internal institutions,establishing public security, enhancing the cooperation between water areas and administrative areas, construction of the supervisory team, improvement of the supervision mechanism. With implementation of the seven measures above, China’s water administrative enforcement system will benefit a lot and accordingly law-based governance of water will be achieved.更多还原