【作者】 王颖；

【导师】 贾济东；

【作者基本信息】 华中科技大学 ， 刑法学， 2016， 硕士

【摘要】 毒品犯罪是具有严种社会危害性的故意犯罪,正确认定行为人的主观“明知”,对于判断罪与非罪起到重要作用,这就要求司法人员必须准确理解和把握明知的难题。随着信息技术的不断发展,毒品犯罪的手段、形式呈现出越发隐蔽和多样之趋势,加之毒品犯罪固有的特殊性,认定行为人主观“明知”的问题成为司法实践的一大难题。准确认定毒品犯罪行为人的主观“明知”,有利于实现打击犯罪与保障人权的双重目的。基于此,本文选取主观“明知”的认定难题,在理论与实践相结合的基础上,对毒品犯罪中明知的基本问题进行了深入的分析。通过对典型案例的研究分析,总结出适用推定方法的可行性与必要性。最后针对司法实践中存在的问题,提出完善对策。本论文共分为四个部分:第一部分对我国毒品犯罪中的“明知”进行概述,简要介绍了我国毒品犯罪的概念与构成,从现有的犯罪构成中探寻认定主观“明知”的重要意义,进而对毒品犯罪中“明知”的具体内容进行分析。第二部分分析我国毒品犯罪中“明知”的认定现状及存在的问题。主要从立法、司法及认定方法之争三方面展开论述。第三部分通过考察域外典型国家的立法及司法,学习其先进的经验,并在考虑我国与域外国家的立法差异的基础上,获得域外立法的启示与借鉴。第四部分在总结认定“明知”缺陷的基础上,提出认定“明知”的最佳方法——推定,同时针对推定在司法适用中存在的困境,提出完善推定制度的建议,希望有裨益于司法实践。更多还原

【Abstract】 Drug-related crime is a kind of intentional crime which have great damage to society. How to determine whether the actor knew subjectively related to the juristic problem whether it’s a crime or not, which required us to understand and master the problem of knew in judicial practice. As technology develops these years, the means of crime has become much covert and its forms became richer. And further, Drug Crime has some special characteristics which make it difficult to determine whether the actor knew his crime in juristic practice.Accurate determination of the subjective "knowing" of the person’s subjective "knowing " perfectly well, it is helpful to realize the dual purpose of striking crime and protecting human rights. The thesis makes a depth analysis on the basic problems of knowing in calculated crime by combining theory with practice. Based on the research of the typical case analysis, summarizes the method apply the presumption of the feasibility and necessity. Finally, according to the problems in the judicial practice, put forward the suggestions.This thesis is divided into four parts:The first section describes the “knowing” of drug crime in our country. It summarizes the concept and constitutive elements of drug crime, search for the important means of determining “knowing” subjectively. And then, it analyses the details in “knowing” of drug crime.The second section analyses the status and problems of the determination on “knowing”. It discusses from three aspects: legislation, judiciary and the argument of determination.The third section acquires some inspiration and reference of extraterritorial legislation by investigating the legislation and judiciary in extraterritorial countries and learning its advanced experience based on considering the differences of legislation between our country and extraterritorial countries.The forth section summarizes the best way to judge “knowing”—presumption based on concluding the defect of the current way to determine “knowing”. However, presumption would get some difficulty in adapting the environment of legislation. So, the thesis proposes some advice to perfect presumption institution, hoping that it takes benefits to juristic practice.更多还原