【作者】 李洋；

【导师】 张步中；

【作者基本信息】 华南理工大学 ， 新闻学， 2016， 硕士

【摘要】 微纪录片作为新媒体语境下纪录片的衍生产物,具备"三微"的特性:微体积、微叙事、微传播,在面对当下大众的审美需求和阅读习惯等方面,拥有得天独厚的优势。但也由于其正处于发展初期,各方面的成熟度较低,存在相对的问题。本文用案例分析及对比研究等方法,以美国传播学者拉斯韦尔的"5W"模式作为研究框架,尝试从多角度来分析我国微纪录片。本文认为,在传播主体方面,微纪录片降低了创作门槛,兼容多元化的制作标准,但也随之带来UGC制作水平差异较大、专向性的制作力量较为薄弱等问题;在传播对象方面,微纪录片更适应当代受众的生活节奏和阅读习惯,能够满足不同层次受众的个性化需求,但也必须正视微纪录片理念在大众传播中不够广泛的问题;在传播内容方面,微纪录片坚持向类型化发展,在叙事方式和视听语言方面独树一帜,但也有部分作品出现泛娱乐化、同质化以及本体属性偏失的问题;在传播渠道方面,微纪录片比纪录长片更适合全媒体渠道的传播,尤其适合以手机为代表的移动媒体,但微纪录片在电视媒体上的传播仍有不少可提升的空间;在传播效果方面,微纪录片更侧重情感表达,促使受众产生情感共鸣,主动通过自媒体的方式进行二次传播,但也缺乏专项且成熟的综合监管评估体系。在分析了目前我国微纪录片在各方面存在的问题后,本文尝试依据"5W"逻辑提出相应的解决方案及建议。首先,要加大力度向社会普及微纪录片理念,通过学界和业界共同努力的方式,让大众了解微纪录片的概念和优势,进一步打开发展的大门;其次,要注重对微纪录片专业人才的培养,既要培养制作者的实践能力,也要给他们提供沟通和交流的平台;再有,要时刻坚守微纪录片的本体价值属性,保持创作理性;还有,要充分发挥新媒体的作用,更要勇于网络微纪录片向传统媒体"反哺"的传播行为,进一步加深我国微纪录片台网融合的程度;最后,一定要尽快完善专属于微纪录片的综合监管评估体系,规范微纪录片队伍,多角度、多方位地对微纪录片作品进行评估,全力地支撑我国微纪录片行业的健康发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 As the ramification of Documentary in the context of new media,Micro-Documentary is predominant in appealing to public aesthetic needs and reading habits by dint of its unique features namely "micro volume","micro narrative" and "micro propagation".However,there exist some disadvantages as a result of its immaturity and underdevelopment.Utilizing case analysis and comparative research,this paper makes an attempt to analyze the Chinese Micro-Documentary under the framework of Lasswell’s "5W" model,forming multiple perspectives.According to this article,in terms of communication subject,Micro-Documentary reduces the threshold of film and television’s creation and accepts the diversity of production standards,though lead to differences in levels of UGC production and deficiency of expertise and professionals;as for communication object,it better adapts to the living tempo and reading habits of the modern audiences and meets the individualized requirements of different levels of target audiences,though the problem that few people knew the concept of Micro-Documentary should be paid attention to;with reference to communication contents,Micro-Documentary maintains its development towards genre film,being unique in terms of narrative pattern and audio-visual language,notwithstanding the phenomenon of abused entertainment,the homogenization of content and deviation of its noumenon properties;with regard to communication channel,Micro-Documentary better adapts to the channels of"convergence media" than documentary,especially through the mobile media exemplified by smart phones,while there remains much room to improve in the channel of TV media;in terms of communication effect,Micro-Documentary is more focused on emotional expressions,triggering the resonance with the audiences.It actively conducts second mass transmissions via self-media,though there lacks a professional and mature comprehensive surveillance evaluating system.Based on the analysis of the existing problems of Micro-Documentary in China,this article proposes some solution and suggestion according to the "5W" model.Firstly,the concept of Micro-Documentary should be popularized with joint and greater efforts of both academia and the industry,strengthening its development by acknowledging the public with the advantages and concept of micro-documentary.Secondly,the cultivation of professionals in this regard should be laid stress on,which means they should be equipped with not only the ability of practice,but also the platform for exchange and communication.Thirdly,the regurgitation of traditional media by online Micro-Documentary should be encouraged,meanwhile,the role of new media should be given full play to,so as to promote the Micro-Documentary in a slightly mandatory manner.Finally,the comprehensive surveillance evaluating system of Micro-Documentary should be established as soon as possible,in order to regulate the professional team,evaluate the Micro-Documentary works from multi-perspectives and promote the benign development of Micro-Documentary industry in China.更多还原