【作者】 陈剑；

【导师】 王伟； 邓舟；

【作者基本信息】 清华大学 ， 环境工程（专业学位）， 2015， 硕士

【摘要】 生活垃圾填埋气是重要的温室气体,也是清洁的可再生能源,对填埋气的控制和利用研究已成为垃圾填埋处置技术的重要组成部分。无论后端对垃圾填埋气进行何种处理,前端快速高效的收集是项目实施的关键,而收集方式必须适应我国生活垃圾填埋气产气速率较快,迅速到达产气高峰,然后快速下降的特点。上海老港生活垃圾填埋场是典型的“滩涂型”卫生填埋场,地势低洼,填埋深度较浅,产气及收集条件不佳。针对老港综合填埋场,通过优化填埋作业分区和填埋气收集方式,设计符合实际情况的收集系统方案,提高填埋气的产生及收集效率,具备较强的现实意义。本文对上海老港生活垃圾填埋场填埋气快速收集系统应用的研究主要分为四个部分:一是对IPCC推荐产气模型及Marticorena动力学模型进行比较,确定采用Marticorena动力学模型进行产气量预测,并合理确定计算参数;二是对综合填埋场原有不合理填埋分区作业方式进行优化,形成一个多分区的填埋和填埋气收集的方案,大大降低气体损失率;三是通过对比,采用横向水平抽气方式,并进行整个填埋库区横向水平抽气系统详细方案设计,为同类型的垃圾填埋气收集项目提供设计示范;四是设计现场抽气实验详细方案,并进行现场抽气实验,根据实验数据,进行收集率评估。根据研究,得到主要结论如下:(1)老港综合填埋场一期工程2012年起始填埋气体产量为2860.28万m~3/a,2027年最高峰填埋气体产量为15135.99万m~3/a,2039年填埋气体产量为1373.11万m~3/a,26年总产气量为246265.07万m~3;(2)将填埋库区划分为18个独立单元,各单元填埋作业完成后即刻进行整体封场并抽气,计算优化后的填埋分区方案作业期间的填埋气损失率仅为24.6%;(3)多分区短填埋作业方式,配合横向水平抽气方式,填埋气收集率可高于60%;(4)确定同等抽气条件下,横向抽气系统收集率更高,填埋气品质更优。更多还原

【Abstract】 Regarding the facts that landfill gas is not only one of the important greenhouse gases, but also the clean renewable energy, to control and use of landfill gas has become increasingly important research issue in field of landfill disposal technology. For landfill gas control, the fast and efficient gas collection before gas disposal is a critical part. In China, as generation rate of the landfill gas is fast and characterized by reaching peak rapidly and then decline quickly, the landfill gas collection way need to be adapt to this character.Laogang municipal solid waste landfill in Shanghai is a typical tidal flats type located in a low-lying terrain. With a shallow landfill depth, conditions for generation and collection of landfill gas in Laogang municipal solid waste landfill are ineffective. Therefore, with Laogang municipal solid waste landfill as study case, in order to improve its efficiencies of gas generation and collection, to design a gas collection system program according to its actual conditions through optimizing landfill partitions and gas collection methods is essential.In this study, the contents are divided into four parts. First, through comparing the gas generation model recommended by IPCC to Marticorena dynamic model, the latter is chosen here to predict quantity of the generated gas, and calculation parameters are determined. Second, in order to reduce the ratio of gas loss, the unreasonable landfill partition is optimized and a multi-partition landfill and gas collection program is proposed. Third, lateral horizontal gas extraction method is applied and the detailed program for whole landfill zone is designed, which can be served as a demonstration designing for other similar project. Fourth, with the designed experimental program for gas extraction, gas extraction experiment is conducted and the results data is used for assessment of collection rate.Based on the study results, the major conclusions are shown as below.(1) For first-stage project of Laogang municipal solid waste landfill during year of 2012 to 2039, the predicted quantity of generated landfill gas in 2012 and 2039 are 2860.28×104 and 1373.11×104 m~3/a, respectively. In 2027, the generated gas amount reach a peak with quantity of 15135.99×104 m~3/a. The total amount of generated gas during 26 years is 246265.07×104 m~3.(2) Divided into 18 separated zone for landfill area and extracting gas instantly after landfill work and closure engineering are finished, the landfill gas loss ratio is calculated with 24.6%.(3) Through multi-partition and short-time landfill method coupling with lateral horizontal gas extraction, landfill gas collection rate can reach a level higher than 60%.(4) Under same gas extraction conditions, gas collection rate of lateral horizontal gas extraction method is high and the quality of landfill gas is good.更多还原