【作者】 付瑶；

【导师】 黄文艺；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 法律硕士（专业学位）， 2017， 硕士

【摘要】 以审判为中心的诉讼制度改革是现代刑事司法理念与我国刑事司法实践结合而来的一项重要司法举措,其核心价值体现在刑事诉讼领域。本文首部以以审判为中心的诉讼制度改革的实质内涵出发,对以审判为中心的诉讼制度改革的学理内涵及实践意蕴进行阐述,以审判为中心,是现代法治国家共同遵循的刑事诉讼理念,其要求审判在整个刑事诉讼中具有决定性的地位,审判对案件的调查、事实认定具有实质性作用,只有经过正当程序的审判,才能最终确定被告人的刑事责任问题;分析由以侦查为中心至以审判为中心的司法实践演进,系统阐述了审判中心论与诉讼阶段论的区别,进而明确以审判为中心的诉讼制度改革的正确性及必要性;概括出以审判为中心的诉讼制度改革的基本要求在于确立审判在刑事诉讼中的核心地位及切实推进庭审实质化。经过对以审判为中心的诉讼制度改革的实质内涵及基本要求的研判,文章的中部系统阐述了以审判为中心的诉讼制度改革的目标,一是规范侦查权、检察权、审判权的行使,对公权力予以必要限制;二是切实保障当事人诉讼权利的实现,对私权予以尊重和保障;三是推进案件的程序正义及实体正义,案件获得公正审判是刑事诉讼的核心目标;四是维护司法权威,提升法治治理水平,这是以审判为中心的诉讼制度改革在促进法治发展水平层面上的价值,也是其最为宏观与深远的意义所在;该四方面的现实目标为深入研究以审判为中心的诉讼制度改革提供理论及实践动力。文章最后一部分详细阐释了以审判为中心的诉讼制度改革的实现路径在于:一、刑事司法理念之革新;二、审前程序的诉讼化改造,综合运用司法令状制、强化检察监督、保障犯罪嫌疑人、被告人权利、完善司法救济机制,使审判权更好地对审前程序进行监督及引导;三、推进庭审实质化,庭审是实体正义与程序正义结合最紧密之处,刑事诉讼要求证据确实充分并排除合理怀疑,证据在获取、固定、保存上程序的合法性,及实体上的客观性、关联性均需要通过庭审中的举证、质证来完成,结合我国司法实践及外国有益经验,改革全案卷宗移送制度、建立证据开示制度、完善庭前会议制度,贯彻直接言辞原则成为推进庭审实质化的题中之义;四、确立并严格适用证据裁判规则,其中最核心处在于严守非法证据排除规则和贯彻疑罪从无原则,毒树之果必须排除于定罪量刑的证据链条之外,对证据不确实充分、无法排除合理怀疑的案件严格贯彻疑罪从无的刑事司法理念。以审判为中心的诉讼制度改革,是一项系统而复杂的刑事司法理念与制度的转变与塑造,是司法资源与司法权力的优化配置与非零和博弈,彻底实现其改革理念,需要一个较长的司法发展过程,实现路径上的刑事司法理念更新、制度重构完善都需要理论上更为深远的探讨与实务上建设性的回应。以审判为中心的诉讼制度改革符合刑事司法的发展规律,有利于刑事案件获得公平公正的审判,促进国家法治治理水平的提升,最终必将推进法治文明的进步及人权的保障。更多还原

【Abstract】 Trial centered lawsuit system reform is an important judicial measure combined by modern criminal judicial rationality concepts and criminal juridical practice of China and its core value is reflected in the domain of criminal proceedings.In the first part of this thesis,based on the essential connotation of trial centered lawsuit system reform,the theoretical connotation and practical implication of trial centered lawsuit system reform are expounded;trial centricity is the criminal procedure idea of modern legal states,which requires that trial should play a decisive role in the overall criminal procedure and a substantial function in case investigation and fact finding and the criminal responsibility of defendant should be determined after trial in due procedure;the evolution of juridical practice from investigation centered to trial centered is analyzed and the distinction between trial-centered theory and lawsuit stage theory is expounded so as to make clear the validity and necessity of trial centered lawsuit reform;it is summarized that the basic requirement of trial centered lawsuit system reform is to set up the core status of trial in criminal procedure and propel the trial substantiation.In the middle part of this thesis,after studying and judging the essential connotation and basic requirements of trial centered lawsuit system reform,the practical significance of trial centered lawsuit system reform is expounded;first,exercising of investigation power,procuratorial power and judicial power should be regulated to restrict public power;second,the realization of litigation right should be guaranteed to respect and guarantee private right;third,the procedural justice and substantive justice of case should be impelled and the impartial trial of case should be the core objective of criminal procedure;fourth,judicial authority should be preserved and the level of government by law should be promoted,which is the value of trial centered lawsuit system reform for promoting the development level of government by law and also the macroscopical and profound significance of trial centered lawsuit system reform;the practical significance of these four aspects have provided theoretical and practical impetus for the in-depth study on trial centered lawsuit system reform.In the final part of this thesis,the realization route of trial centered lawsuit system reform is expounded in detail;first,reform the concept of criminal justice;second,litigation reform of pretrial procedure should be applied,judicial warrant system should be used comprehensively,prosecutorial supervision should be strengthened,rights of criminal suspect and defendant should be guaranteed and mechanism of judicial remedies should be improved so that pretrial procedure can be supervised and guided by judicial power preferably;third,trial substantiation should be advanced;court hearing is the closest part combined by substantive justice and procedural justice;in criminal procedure,evidence should be irrefutable and sufficient without reasonable doubt and the legality of evidence on acquisition,fixation and preservation procedure as well as the objectivity and relevance of entity should be completed by testification and testimony examination in court hearing;based on the juridical practice of China and beneficial experiences abroad,complete dossier delivery system should be reformed,discovery system should be built,pretrial conference system should be improved and direct and word principle should be implemented,which has become the key point for promoting trial substantiation;fourth,principle of evidentiary adjudication should be established and applied strictly;the core point is to strictly observe exclusionary rule of illegal evidence and implement principle of assuming disputed crimes innocence,exclude the fruits of poisonous tree from evidence chain of conviction and sentencing and strictly execute the criminal justice idea of assuming disputed crimes innocence for cases without irrefutable and sufficient evidence and elimination of reasonable doubt.Trial centered lawsuit system reform is a systematic and complex transformation and molding of criminal judicial idea and system and also optimal configuration and non-zero-sum game of judicial resource and judicial power;thorough realization of its reform concept is a long judicial development process and profound theoretical discussion and practically constructive response are needed for criminal judicial idea renovation and system reconstruction and improvement on realization route.The trial centered lawsuit system reform confirms to the development law of criminal justice,which can contribute to the fair and just trial of criminal cases,promote the elevation of the level of government by law and advance the improvement of legal spiritual civilization and guarantee of human rights.更多还原