【作者】 曲艺；

【导师】 魏益华；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 法经济学， 2017， 硕士

【摘要】 自20世纪60年代末快递行业在美国诞生以来,就以惊人的速度迅速发展起来,一度成为世界上增长速度最快的行业之一。改革开放后,我国也出现了快递行业,在市场经济的发展和政府的扶持下,快递业迅速崛起。尤其是近年来,人民生活水平日益提高,日益追求便利化、多样性的购物方式,随着淘宝网、京东商城、聚美优品、唯品会等电子商务的发展以及网上银行、支付宝、微信支付等快捷支付方式的出现,快递服务需求大幅度增加,快递市场随之蓬勃发展。作为现代服务业的重要组成部分,快递行业在推动流通方式转型、促进消费升级方面也发挥了重要的作用。但由于缺乏强制性的规范措施、市场准入门槛又比较低,快递行业出现了诸多问题,引发了社会各界的广泛关注。据此,为了更好地规范快递市场的发展秩序、保护消费者的合法权益,政府相关部门也颁布了一系列法律法规,用以规范这个迅速发展的行业。自2009年修正的《中华人民共和国邮政法》颁布实施以来,首次从法律高度上明确对快递行业进行定位,加之后续出台的各项法律文件,共同奠定了快递市场的法律基础,为快递市场的管理提供了法律依据。但是,由于快递企业的体制限制、员工素质较低,相关部门的管理不规范、监管难度大,消费者的维权意识较低等原因,我国快递市场的相关法律法规自实施以来并未达到预期效果,快递企业违规操作、快递业务投诉、侵犯消费者权益等问题依然层出不穷。据此,本文从法经济学视角运用成本—收益分析方法和供求分析方法,分析当前我国快递市场监管制度的实施效率,探讨当前我国快递市场监管制度中存在的问题,以期建立更有效率的快递市场监管制度,最大限度的释放其潜在利益。本文采用提出问题——分析问题——解决问题的逻辑思路,运用经济学中成本—收益分析方法和供求分析方法,对我国快递市场监管制度进行经济学分析。通过探讨我国快递业的发展历程,分析我国快递市场监管制度中存在的问题,为后续相关措施的研究奠定基础。另外,由于国外快递市场发展相对成熟,关于快递市场的管理也更为系统和完善,本文在我国快递市场发展的实际状况的基础上,分析了德国、美国以及日本快递行业的发展经验和快递市场的管理经验,并探讨其对我国快递市场监管的借鉴意义。结合对我国快递市场监管制度的经济学分析,最后本文有针对性的提出完善快递市场监管制度的建议,以期促进我国快递市场的健康、有序发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since the express industry born in the United States in the late 1960 s,it has developed rapidly at an alarming rate,and had become one of the fastest growing industry in the world.After the reform and opening up,the express industry also appeared in China,with the development of market economy and government support,the express industry develop rapidly.Especially in recent years,people’s living standard is improving,and increasingly pursuing convenient and diverse shopping methods.With the development of taobao,JD,JUMEI.COM and VIPSHOP and the appearance of Online banking,Alipay,WeChat payment and other forms of rapid payment,the demand of express business increased significantly,and the express market develop vigorously.As an important part of the modern service industry,the express industry has played an important role in promoting the transformation of circulation and encouraging the upgrading of consumption.However,due to the lack of mandatory regulatory measures and low market access threshold,the express industry there has appeared many problems,and triggering widespread concern in the community.Accordingly,in order to regulate the development order of the express market and protect the legitimate rights and interests of consumers,the government relevant departments have also promulgated a series of laws and regulations to regulate the rapid development industry.Since the promulgation and implementation of the amended "Postal Law of the People’s Republic of China" in 2009,it has made clear for the first time from the height of the law on the express delivery industry,as well as the other legal documents,they jointly laid the legal basis for the express market,and provided a legal basis for the express market.However,because of the institutional restrictions of express delivery enterprises,low staff quality,the unnormal management of the relevant departments,the difficulty of supervision,consumers’ low awareness of protecting rights,and so on.The express market’s relevant laws and regulations did not achieve the desired results since its inception.Express business operated illegally,express business complaints violations of consumer rights and other issues are still endless.Based on this,this paper attempts to analyze the current efficiency of China’s express market management system by using cost-benefit analysis method and balance analysis of supply and demand method,and discusses the existing problems in the management system of express market,in order to establish a more efficient express market management system,and release potential benefits to the greatest extent.This article adopts the logical idea of asking questions-analyzing the problem-solving the problem,and use the method of cost-benefit analysis and balance analysis of supply and demand in the economics to take an economical analysis of China ’s express market management system.By discussing the development process of China’s express market,we analyze the problems existing in the management system of China’s express market,and lays a foundation for the follow-up study on measures.In addition,the development of foreign express market is relatively mature,the management system of the express market is also more systematic and perfect.Based on the actual situation of China’s express delivery market,this paper analyzes the development experience of express market in Germany,the United States and Japan.And exploring the reference of China’s express market management,combined with the economic analysis of China’s express market management system,this paper finally puts forward some suggestions to improve the express market management system,in order to promote the healthy and orderly development of China’s express market.更多还原