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吉林省城市学龄前留守儿童意外伤害现状及影响因素分析

The Current Status and Influential Factors of Unintentional Injuries of Left-behind Preschool Children in City of Jilin Province

【作者】 杨蕊

【导师】 高玉霞;

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 , 护理硕士(专业学位), 2017, 硕士

【摘要】 目的:1.了解吉林省城市学龄前留守儿童意外伤害现状,探索城市学龄前留守儿童意外伤害特点。2.研究儿童、主要监护人的一般人口学资料以及儿童行为问题对吉林省城市学龄前留守儿童意外伤害的影响。3.探讨吉林省城市学龄前留守儿童意外伤害的主要影响因素,为制定有针对性的预防控制策略提供参考和借鉴。方法:采用两阶抽样方法,将吉林省所辖9所城市按生产总值分为经济发达地区、较发达地区和欠发达地区,第一阶段分别从三个不同经济水平地区中选择长春市、四平市和白山市作为一阶单元;第二阶段从每个市抽取2所幼儿园作为二阶单元,对学龄前儿童家长或监护人进行调查。调查问卷包括一般人口学资料调查问卷、儿童意外伤害情况调查问卷、Conners儿童行为问卷(家长)。采用Epidata3.1对数据进行双录入,运用SPSS21.0统计学软件对数据进行分析。数据采用描述性统计分析、c2检验、Spearman相关分析、Logistic回归分析统计学方法。结果:1.吉林省城市学龄前儿童留守率22.56%。2.吉林省城市学龄前留守儿童意外伤害发生率为34.2%;受伤主要类型是碰伤或摔伤(70.3%),其次为跌落伤(14.3%)、切割伤(4.4%);意外伤害最常发生地点为家中(62.6%);受伤部位以四肢为主,下肢42.9%、上肢38.5%;城市留守儿童监护人在意外伤害知信行方面表现较差,家中存在的意外伤害危险因素较多。3.单因素分析结果显示,一般人口学资料中年龄、年级、家庭住址、监护类型、父亲文化程度、母亲文化程度、父亲职业、母亲职业、监护人职业、家庭人均月收入对吉林省城市学龄前留守儿童的意外伤害发生情况有影响,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。4.城市学龄前留守儿童行为问题检出率为20.3%。吉林省城市学龄前留守儿童行为问题得分:男童品行问题(0.34±0.36)分、学习问题(0.45±0.43)分、心身障碍(0.22±0.34)分、冲动-多动(0.27±0.42)分、焦虑(0.33±0.36)分、多动指数(0.39±0.37)分;女童品行问题(0.32±0.34)分、学习问题(0.36±0.42)分、心身障碍(0.23±0.37)分、冲动-多动(0.29±0.46)分、焦虑(0.32±0.39)分、多动指数(0.36±0.37)分,男童和女童的心身障碍因子得分均高于常模。5.相关性分析结果显示吉林省学龄前留守儿童意外伤害发生率与行为问题各因子呈正相关(P<0.05)。6.Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄、年级、家庭住址、监护类型、母亲文化程度、品行问题进入回归方程,是影响吉林省城市学龄前留守儿童意外伤害发生的重要因素,六者可以解释因变量73.9%的变异(R2=0.739)。年龄越大、年级越高意外伤害发生率越低;与住在长春市和四平市的儿童相比,住在白山市的儿童其意外伤害发生率较高;单亲监护的儿童比隔代监护和其他人监护类型的儿童意外伤害发生率高;母亲文化程度越高,儿童意外伤害发生率越高;品行问题越多,儿童意外伤害发生率越高。结论:1.吉林省城市学龄前儿童留守率较高。2.吉林省城市学龄前留守儿童意外伤害发生率较高,一般资料中年龄、年级、家庭住址、监护类型、父母亲文化程度、父母亲职业、监护人职业、家庭人均月收入是城市学龄前留守儿童的影响因素。3.吉林省城市学龄前留守儿童行为问题与意外伤害呈正相关。4.年龄、年级、家庭住址、监护类型、母亲文化、行为问题是学龄前城市留守儿童发生意外伤害的主要影响因素。

【Abstract】 Objective1.Understand the current situation of unintentional injuries among left-behind preschool children in city of Jilin province,and to explore the characteristics of unintentional injuries in left-behind preschool children in city.2.Study the effects of general demographic data of children and primary caregivers and children’s behavior problems on unintentional injuries among left-behind preschool children in city of Jilin province.3.Explore the main influencing factors of unintentional injuries among preschool left behind children in city of Jilin province,and to provide reference for the prevention and control strategies.Methods Using two stage sampling method,according to the economic level,the 9 cities of Jilin province will be divided into economically developed areas,less developed areas and underdeveloped areas.Firstly,select three cities which are Changchun City,Siping City and Baishan City from three areas with different economic level as the first unit;secondly,select two kindergartens from three city respectively as the second unit;every children’s Principal Guardian is the object of investigation.The questionnaire included general demographic data questionnaire,child unintentional injuries questionnaire and Conners Children Behavior Questionnaire(parent).Epidata3.1 was used to record the data,and the data were analyzed by SPSS21.0statistical software.Descriptive statistics,Chi square test,Spearman correlation analysis and Logistic regression analysis were used in data analysis.Results1.The left behind rate of preschool children in Jilin province was 22.56%.2.The incidence rate of left-behind preschool children in city of Jilin province was 34.2%;the main types of injuries are bruised or injured(70.3%),followed by fall injury(14.3%)and cutting injury(4.4%);accident occurred most often at home(62.6%);the major injured parts was limbs,lower limb(42.9%)and upper limbs(38.5%);left-behind children parents care injury KAP on poor performance,the risk factors of injury in the home too many.3.Single factor analysis showed that the preschool left-behind children in city compared with non left-behind children in city of Jilin province.There was significant difference in age,grade,family address,guardianship type,parents’ culture,parents’ occupation,guardian’s occupation,family income(P<0.05).4.The detection rate of behavior problems in preschool left behind children in city of Jilin province was 20.3%.boys’ behavior problems score was(0.34 ± 0.36),learning problem score was(0.45±0.43),psychosomatic disorder score was(0.22± 0.34),impulsivity and hyperactivity score was(0.27 ± 0.42),anxiety score was(0.33 ± 0.36),hyperactivity index score was(0.39 ± 0.37);girls’ conduct problems(0.32±0.34),learning problem score was(0.36±0.42),psychosomatic disorder score was(0.23±0.37),impulsivity and hyperactivity score was(0.29±0.46),anxiety score was(0.32±0.39)and hyperactivity index score was(0.36±0.37),boys and girls were higher than the norm of psychosomatic disorders.5.The results of correlation analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between the incidence of unintentional injuries and the behavior problems of preschool left behind children in city of Jilin province(P<0.05).6.Logistic regression analysis showed that age,grade,family address,guardianship type,education level of mother,conduct problems into the regression equation,which were the main factors of accident occurred on the preschool left behind children in city of Jilin province,the six factors can explain 73.9% of the variation(R2=0.739).More older,the grade more higher,the rate of accidents more lower;compared with living in Changchun city and Siping City children,children living in Baishan City the incidence of injuries was higher;single parent custody types of children had the higher incidence of accidental injury than inter generational care and other people care type of children;the higher the education level of mother,The higher rate of children accidental injury;in addition,conduct problems more,the higher incidence of children accidental injury.Conclusion1.The left behind rate of preschool children in city of Jilin province was high.2.The rate of unintentional injuries incidence among preschool left behind children in city of Jilin province was high.in the general information age,grade,family address,guardianship type,parents’ education and occupation,guardian’s occupation,family income were the influence factors of the preschool left behind children in city of Jilin province.3.There was a positive correlation between the behavioral problems and unintentional injuries incidence of preschool left behind children in city of Jilin province.4.Age,grade,home address,guardianship type,mother’s culture,behavior problems are the main influencing factors of the preschool left behind children in city of Jilin province.

  • 【网络出版投稿人】 吉林大学
  • 【网络出版年期】2017年 09期
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