【作者】 王斌；

【导师】 安琦；

【作者基本信息】 华东理工大学 ， 机械设计及理论， 2017， 硕士

【摘要】 热轧硅钢板在酸洗工艺前要进行拉矫破鳞处理以清除热轧硅钢板表面的氧化皮,促进后续酸洗工艺中酸液与氧化皮的反应。酸洗时利用盐酸与氧化皮的化学反应溶解掉表层氧化皮,提升钢材质量。但是目前热轧硅钢板在酸洗过程中常出现过酸洗或欠酸洗现象而导致产品质量问题。为提升拉矫破鳞和酸洗工艺的质量,本文采用金相观测法、扫描电子显微镜SEM、能量散射色谱仪EDS、纳米压痕技术、拉伸试验等对氧化皮的形貌特征、厚度、元素分布以及弹性模量等材料属性进行测试分析;基于薄板弯曲理论建立了氧化皮的薄板力学模型,对氧化皮受压状态下的破裂过程进行力学分析;通过正交试验,探讨了四个酸洗参数（酸洗液温度、盐酸浓度、酸洗促进剂浓度和拉矫压应力）对酸洗工艺的影响;利用试验数据拟合建立起酸洗时间关于酸洗液温度、盐酸浓度、酸洗促进剂浓度的综合影响模型,并用该模型进行了验证性研究。研究结果表明,热轧硅钢表面氧化皮一般分为两层,外层氧化皮的主要成分为Fe₂O₃,内层氧化皮的主要成分为FeO和SiO₂,并有少量Fe₃O₄的存在;氧化皮整体的弹性模量约为145GPa。正交试验结果发现酸洗促进剂对酸洗时间和硅泥沉降的促进作用最明显;酸洗时间会随着酸洗促进剂浓度的增加而减少,但酸洗促进剂浓度达到0.3%以后促进作用不再明显。本文的研究成果,对提升热轧硅钢板的拉矫破鳞和酸洗质量有借鉴意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 Before the pickling process,the hot-rolled steel plate need to descale to remove its oxide film.Acid pickling is usually used to dissolve the oxide film through the reaction between hydrochloric acid and oxide film.But the lack-pickling or over-pickling often occurred in thepickling process of hot-rolled silicon steel plate s and result in product with low quality.To improve the quality of descaling processing and acid pickling technology,some experiments,such as SEM,EDS,metalloscope and pickling experiments and nano indentation tests were used to detect the topographic characteristics,thickness and elasticity modulus of oxide film.The compressive fracture model of oxide film was established using the thin plate theoryand the calculating formula of the critical load under the unstable condition was derived by the difference method.Orthogonal design test method was used to study the effects of four parameters（temperature of acid,concentration of hydrochloric acid,concentration of pickling accelerant and compressive stress caused by bending）on acid pickling rate.By fitting the experiments data,the pickling time were formulated to thethe temperature of acid,concentration of hydrochloric acid and concentration of pickling accelerant.The research results showed the silica steel oxide film contain two layers.The main components of outer layer is Fe₂O₃.While the components of inner layer are FeO,SiO₂ and Fe₃O₄.And the elasticity modulus of oxide film is about 145GPa.The conclusion of orthogonal design test indicated that the most important factor to acid pickling rate is pickling accelerant.Pickling rate increases with the increasing of concentration of pickling accelerant.But the improvement is not obvious till the concentration of pickling accelerant increase to more than 0.3%.This study can be used to improve the quality of descaling processing technology and acid pickling technology in practice.更多还原