【作者】 王丽娜；

【导师】 赵明杰；

【作者基本信息】 大连医科大学 ， 伦理学， 2017， 硕士

【摘要】 建国以来,我国的医疗卫生教育事业花费了大量的精力和资源,培养了许多具有一定水平的医务工作人员。医学人文教学在过去的实践改革中取得了一定成绩,但也存在许多的问题。当前,医学人文已经引起医学界上上下下的重视,但对医学人文的内涵与具体内容方面认识并不一致,并且导致当今医学人文教育出现了一些不足或某种混乱,最主要的表现就是模糊与空泛,对医学生人文素质教育重视不足,人文教育水平相对落后。在市场经济的冲击下,无形当中影响着广大临床医生的思想和行为,以至于培养出的许多医生,忘记了医学的宗旨和学医的初衷,如今我国医学研究生教育的弱点不是专业技能水平不足,而是人文精神的极度匮乏,在研究生教育阶段人文教育的缺失,将直接导致今后走向工作岗位的执业医师缺乏良好的医学人文素养。医学研究生人文素质的培养是一个复杂而漫长的过程,不能一蹴而就,医学研究生人文素质的培养首先要引发学生自身对人文精神的共鸣,是一个由情感、认知再付诸实践的过程,首先要培养医学研究生的人文情感,而我国针对于临床医学生的培养方案决定了临床专业型硕士研究生没有更多的时间学习人文知识,更多的时间在临床医院进行实习,关于人文知识的学习不正规、不系统,造成了医学研究生人文教育的缺失。医师职业素养是医学人文精神的体现,是以医学人文精神为基准确定医师在执业中应遵守的道德规范和职业操守。人文素养是将医学人文精神传达到患者并使患者感受到的一种技能,医学人文精神的实践,需要一定的人文素养,要真正体现人文精神,否则就言不由衷,变成一种外在的做作,难以唤起患者的情感共鸣。基于这种临床环境和背景下,本文针对于临床专业型硕士研究生以及他们的导师展开了一次人文素质培养的调查研究,从医学人文知识的认知、医学人文教学以及临床服务中的医学人文实践三个板块做了问卷发放,将统计结果进行分析比较,了解医学人文素质的培养现状,试图找出当前临床实践中医学研究生医学人文素质教育存在的问题,对人文素质教育的需求,找出问题存在的原因,分析问题解决问题。通过分析结果我们发现,当前人文素质的培养,首先是要明确人文医学教学在医学研究生培养目标中的具体任务,培养医学研究生的人文情感认知,制定能够实现人文医学教学目标与任务的总体方案,加强师资队伍建设,发挥学生自身的主观能动性,并在临床实践中营造良好的医学人文氛围,为临床人文实践创造必要的支持条件,将人文医学教学继续向前推进,为提升医学生人文素养水平,创造良好的医患关系作出努力。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since the founding in 1949,the people’s health education in China has spent a lot of energy and resources and trained many medical staff with a certain level.In past decade years,the practice of medical humanities education has made some achievements in the reform,but there are also many problems.At present,the medical humanities has attracted the attention of the up and down in the medical community,but the understanding of medical humanities connotation and the specific content is not consistent,thus causes the lack of medical humanities education and appears some kind of chaos,the main performance is fuzzy and vague.Under the impact of the market economy,insufficient attention to the humanistic quality and relative backwardness on education level have intangibly influenced many clinical doctor’s thought and behavior,so that have trained many doctors who forget the medical purposes and the original intention of studying medicine.For present,the weakness of the medical students education in our country is not a lack of professional skills,but the extreme scarcity of humanistic spirit.The lack of humanistic education in the stage of graduate student,causes the lack of good medical humanistic quality in the future work for the medical practitioners.Medical students’ humanistic quality cultivation is a complicated and lengthy process,which cannot be achieved overnight.The first step to cultivation of medical students humanities is to start resonance of the humanistic spirit of the students,which is a process of emotional,cognitive and putting into practice,first of all,to cultivate medical students humanistic feelings,however,the clinical medical students training scheme in our country determines one result,which is the clinical professional master graduate students have no more time to study,but spend more time in clinical hospital practices.The study about the humanities knowledge is not normal and system,which leads the lack of humanistic education among the medical graduate students.Physician professionalism is the embodiment of the medical humanities spirit,and is based on medical humanistic spirit to ensure the physicians comply with the code of ethics and professional conduct in the practice.Humanistic literacy is a skill to convey medical humanistic spirit to the patient and make patients feel,the practice of medical humanities spirit needs certain cultural humanistic quality and embody the humanistic spirit,or disingenuous,thus become a kind of external affectation,difficult to arouse the patient’s emotional resonance.Based on this clinical environment and background,this paper does a medical students humanities quality education research among clinical professional master graduate students and their teachers.The author distributes questionnaires including three plates from the cognition of medical humanities knowledge,medical humanities teaching and clinical services in the practice of medical humanities,moreover,compares the statistics result analysis,and understand the present situation of cultivation of the medical humanities,trying to find out the current clinical practice problems of humanistic quality education existing in medical students during practices,and find out the cause of the existing problems,analyze the problems and solve the problems based on the demanding of humanistic quality education.By analyzing the results,for the current cultivation of humanistic quality,we found that the first is to definite specific tasks of medical humanities teaching in the aim of doctor training,cultivate medical students’ humanistic emotion cognition,formulate the objectives and tasks to achieve the overall scheme of the medical humanities teaching,to strengthen the construction of teaching staff,exert students’ own subjective initiative,and create a good medical humanities atmosphere in the clinical practices,create the necessary support conditions for clinical humanities practices,which will continue to move forward medical humanities education,to enhance the level of medical students’ humanities quality and make efforts to create a good doctor-patient relationship.更多还原