【作者】 胡庆华；

【导师】 倪东业；

【作者基本信息】 湖北民族学院 ， 民族学， 2017， 硕士

【摘要】 体质人类学对探讨各民族体质形态特征、体质营养状况、族源以及不同人群的体质特点、种族差异具有重要的作用。近年来已有许多学者致力于各少数民族体质人类学的研究。但在全国少数民族人口总数中排名第七的土家族尚未开展。因此,本研究主要采用历史文献法、实地观察法、体质测试法、统计法等研究方法对鄂西南土家族体质特征进行研究。拟通过对湖北省鄂西南土家族成年健康人群体质特征进行调查,探讨鄂西南土家族与我国其他民族间的关系,运用生态理论探讨鄂西南土家族的体质文化特征,为非物质文化遗产的传承与保护提供微弱的佐证。本论文结构主要包括四个部分:第一部分是绪论,介绍了本文的研究目的与意义、研究现状、研究方法和技术路线图。第二部分为鄂西南土家族成人体质测量,这是本文的重点。这部分主要是对测试群体的9项观察项目和58项测量项目的调查结果进行了统计分析。对测试群体的皮褶厚度、身体围度以及身体指数进行了测量和计算。第三部分是对测量数据的比较与分析。首先是总结鄂西南土家族体质人类学特征的指标,其次与其他少数民族的体质特征进行了比较,最后对影响鄂西南土家族体质特征的因素进行了分析。最后是本文的结语部分,对论文的研究内容进行总结归纳,提出本文的创新点以及不足之外,还对论文的进一步深入研究提出了展望。本文的主要结论:通过聚类分析找出了鄂西南土家族的族群关系:跟江西赣语族和湖南瓦乡族的体质特征比较接近,更接近于南亚类型人群。通过主成分分析得知鄂西南土家族体质人类学特征由4个因素构成:身体粗壮度、头面部特征、眼部特征和鼻部特征。更多还原

【Abstract】 Physical anthropology plays an important role in discussing physical morphological characteristics,physical nutriture,ethnic origins of different nations and physical trait of different groups,national differences and the relationship between other nations in Chian.Recently,many scholars have been devoting themselves to the research on physical anthropology of different minorities,however,it hasn’t been carried out in Tujia,whose population ranks No.7 nationwide.Therefore,The article adopts documents,observational method,questionnaire method,mathematical statistics and other methods to do the research on Tujia in the south-west of Hubei.the investigation tends to carry out the physical anthropology research of Tujia by a survey on healthy adults of Tujia in the south-west of Hubei province,discusses the relationship between Tujia in the south-west of Hubei and other nations,uses the ecology theory to discuss the physical culture characteristics of Tujia in the south-west of Hubei province.This provides scientific evidences for the preservation and inheritance of the intangible cultural heritage.The thesis mainly includes 4 parts.The first part is introduction,which includes the purpose and meaning of the research,research status,research methods,technology roadmap.The second part is the the adult constitution of the Tujia nationality in southwest of Hubei.This is the focus of this article,which census the findings of the test group’s nine observation items and fifty-eight measurements,measure and figure up the test group’s skinfold thickness,body circumference and body index.The third part is the comparison and analysis of measurement datas.Firstly,summarizes the physical anthropological characteristics and analyses the affect factors of the Tujia nationality in southwest of Hubei;Secondly,this is the comparative analysis of physical characteristics of Tujia in Southwestern Hubei and the other ethnic group in China;Thirdly,analyses the affect factors.The fourth part is the final part of the thesis which draws a conclusion of the research contents,raises the innocvation points and defects of the thesis and puts forward the expectation of further research.The main conclusion points of the thesis:find out the ethnic relations of Tujia in south-west of Hubei by cluster analysis:it’s close to Jiangxi Gan dialect nations andWaxiang in Hunan and closer to south Asians.According to the analysis of main components,it’s concluded that features of physical anthropology in the south-west of Hunan consists of 4 factors:the body thickness,head and face traits,eye features and nose features.更多还原