【作者】 张伟伟；

【导师】 张雷；

【作者基本信息】 合肥工业大学 ， 机械制造及其自动化， 2017， 硕士

【摘要】 随着全球气候变暖等环境问题的日趋严重,人类的环保意识逐渐提升,绿色、低碳逐渐成为企业和客户关注的重点。控制碳排放,减少环境压力,实现低碳、可持续发展十分重要。建立面向客户需求的产品碳排放多层次映射模型,构建产品碳排放在产品层、功能模块层分析模型是低碳技术中的重要工作。本文研究了客户绿色需求的获取方法,构建了客户绿色需求采集模板,分析了产品绿色需求,提出了基于客户特征的产品绿色需求预测方法,并采用信息增益量化分析客户特征对需求的影响。在获取客户需求的基础上,采用模糊层次分析法确定客户绿色需求的优先性,并引入改进的QFDE方法将客户绿色需求转化为功能模块单元的技术参数,实现了客户绿色需求到功能模块单元技术参数的转化。基于生命周期分析方法建立了产品层碳排放量化模型。采用模块化思想进行产品功能模块单元碳排放量化与分配,实现了产品层碳排放到功能模块层碳排放的映射。针对碳排放较大的模块单元,基于敏感性分析方法研究了产品技术参数变化与碳排放变化之间的映射关系。基于客户需求与模块单元技术参数之间的映射关系,识别对碳排放影响程度较大的需求并反馈给客户。同时,结合产品在产品层、功能模块层和参数层的碳排放分析结果为产品的低碳优化提供方向。最后以冰箱产品为例,对本文提出的方法进行验证。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the environmental problems such as global warming becoming increasingly serious and people’s environmental awareness gradually improved,the concept of green and low carbon has gradually became the main melody of enterprise and customer.Control carbon emissions,reduce environmental stress and achieve low-carbon and sustainable development is very important.Establish multi-hierarchy carbon emission mapping model oriented customer requirements and build carbon emissions analysis model in the product layer and function module layer is an important work in low carbon technology.This paper studied the acquisition methods of customer green requirements and built the customer green requirements acquisition template to analysis green requirements.A customer green requirements forecasting method based on customer characteristics was put forward and quantified the influence of customer characteristics by information gain.On the basis of acquired customer requirements,the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process method was employed to determine the importance of requirements and mapped the customer green requirements to the parameters of product function module unit based on improved QFDE.Established the customer green requirements and product function module unit parameter mapping model.A carbon emissions quantitative model was established based on life cycle analysis,it can analysis carbon emissions of the product layer comprehensively.Quantified and distributed the carbon emission to the product function module unit by using modularization method,it mapped the carbon emission of product layer to the carbon emissions of function module effectively.For critical carbon emission module unit,based on the sensitivity analysis method the mapping relationship between the key engineering parameters and carbon emissions change was studied.Bases on the mapping relationship between the requirements and the module unit parameters,identified the requirements that affect the carbon emission larger and feedback the requirements to customer.At the same time combined with the results of the carbon emissions in the product layer,function module layer and parameter layer,provided some guidance to product low carbon optimization.Finally,taking refrigerator product as an example,the implementation of the method is illustrated.更多还原