【作者】 陈燕；

【导师】 赖正维；

【作者基本信息】 福建师范大学 ， 世界史， 2016， 硕士

【摘要】 黎庶昌是晚清唯一一位两次出使日本的使臣,分别担任第二届(1881-1884年)、第四届(1887-1890年)驻日大臣,是清末中日琉球问题谈判的重要代表人物,驻日期间对“球案”的后续交涉做出了具有非常意义的努力。黎庶昌赴日后首先解决“球案”问题,后来随着朝鲜问题的凸显,其对日外交交涉的内容发生了很大的改变,由专论“球案”转为琉球、朝鲜两大问题的交涉。此间,黎庶昌的“球案”解决方案不断发生变化,由最初的“存球祀”变成琉球·朝鲜交换论,再到第二次离任前夕提出的联日制俄。黎庶昌“球案”解决方案不断变化的背后则是反映出迅速崛起的日本对中国宗藩体制发出的凌厉挑战；俄国对中国的觊觎及施压；附属国朝鲜与清廷关系的渐远等中国外交面临的险恶处境,揭示了由于清国政府内部对琉球、朝鲜政策的分歧所造成外交政策上的摇摆不定,使得清廷在外交事务的处理和应对中处于被动和不利地位。在此种情况下,中国在“球案”博弈中外交失败是不可避免的。纵然黎庶昌有非凡的外交智慧和超人的眼见与胆识,也是无法阻止东亚传统宗藩体制走向瓦解的趋势。更多还原

【Abstract】 Li Shu-chang is the only one of the two envoys ambassador to Japan in late Qing dynasty, and served the second (1881-1884), the fourth minister in Japan (1887-1890), he occupies an important position in the history of Sino-Japanese relations in modern times, the Ryukyu problems in the daytime the subsequent negotiations made a very significant effort. Li Shu-chang first address after Japan the Ryukyu problem, and later with the highlights of North Korea, which has greatly changed the Japanese diplomatic representations of the content by the monograph the Ryukyu problem to Okinawa, Korea’s two major problems representations. Here, Li Shu-chang the solution of Ryukyu is changing, from the initial "deposit ball worship" into Ryukyu · Korea exchange theory, and then linking the second day on the eve of the departure and Russia. Li Shu-chang’s solution of Ryukyu behind the solution is changing to reflect a fierce challenge from Japan to China Imperial Clan issued by the rapid rise; Russia and China’s coveted pressure; distanced dependent countries like the relationship between North Korea and the Qing perilous situation racing China’s diplomacy revealed due to internal Qing Government to Okinawa, Korea policy differences caused by vacillating foreign policy, so that the Qing court in a passive and disadvantage in foreign affairs in handling and response. In this case, China in the Ryukyu problem game of diplomatic failure is inevitable. Even Li Shu-chang extraordinary diplomatic wisdom and superhuman courage and seeing, but also can not stop the trend towards traditional East Asian Imperial Clan collapse.更多还原