【作者】 刘伟；

【导师】 王玉顺；

【作者基本信息】 山西农业大学 ， 农业机械化工程， 2016， 硕士

【摘要】 针对所研发的BST-6播种机试验台,为在试验过程中能便捷、高效地设定和调节试验参数,进而提高试验测试过程的自动化程度,研究设计了基于PLC逻辑控制的变频调速系统,实现承种带线速度、地轮转速、排种盘转速、风机流量的实时调节,投种高度自适应变化,播种机装夹位置到试验位置旋转等试验关键环节的自动控制。硬件研发主要完成：(1)对承种带驱动电机、地轮驱动电机、风机驱动电机、升降滑座升降电机、升降滑座旋转电机分别进行额定转速、额定功率、额定扭矩等相关参数的计算。(2)对可编程逻辑控制器进行I/O口点数估算、输出方式的选择、D/A特殊模块参数设计且校验特殊模块输入电流。(3)对断路器、接触器、热继电器、按钮、接线端子等低压电器进行额定电压、额定电流、短路电流等相关参数设计,并进行编码器参数计算。(4)对变频器进行容量、电流及负载容量的计算,并对其进行最高操作频率、电机额定频率、电机额定电压等相关参数的设定。软件研发主要完成：(1)对自动控制程序、回原点程序、手动程序三大部分进行逻辑控制梯形图编程。(2)利用VC++软件对BST-6播种机试验台控制系统主界面、手动操作界面、风机参数界面、排种盘参数界面进行编程。(3)利用三菱PLC仿真软件GX-Simulator对自动控制程序、回原点程序、手动程序进行逻辑控制梯形图程序仿真。结果表明,承种带驱动电机转速可调范围为0～1437.9r/min,转速误差在0.1r/min内,可使承种带线速度在0-3m/s之间进行调速：地轮直径设置区间为0.5-1.2m,精度为0.1,地轮变频器频率为0-57.33Hz之间,使得地轮驱动电机转速范围可在0～589.9r/min之间调整,能够适应不同播种速度下的播种要求;风机电机转速范围为0～3000r/min,可适应流量范围在0～50m~3/h区间的风机;通过调整升降滑座升降电机通电时间控制播种机投种高度,其投种高度范围在0-500mm区间内调节,高度误差在1mm以内。所研发的变频调速系统,在BST-6播种机试验台上实现了参数设定及调节的智能控制,能使整个试验测试过程便捷高效,可为研发其它农业机械检测自动化装备提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 For BST-6 seeder test-bed,in order to realize adjusting test parameters conveniently,we designed the variable frequency speed regulation system based on PLC logic control modle to improve the automatic degree of test process.The system is able to meet numerous demands such as beltl ineal speed,wheel speed,seed plate speed,real-time regulation of flow of fan,transfering seeder from clamping position to test position and other test critical procedures.Mainly work in Hardware part:(1)The bearing seed belt drive motor, wheel drive motor, fan drive motor,lifting motor and rotary motor of lifting slide,respectively,are calculated of those parameters related to the rated speed, rated power, rated torque.(2)I/O port points estimation, output mode selection, D/A special module parameters design and calibration of special module input current are carried out on the programmable logic controller.(3)The design of the relevant parameters of low-voltage electrical equipments, such as rated voltage, rated current, short circuit current, and calculate the relevent parameters of encoder.(4)The capacity, current and load capacity of frequency converter is carried out, and the relevant parameters such as maximum operating frequency, motor rated frequency, motor rated voltage and other related parameters are set.Mainly work in Software part:(1)Programming for automatic control procedures, back to the origin of the procedure, manual procedure.(2)By using VC++ software, the main interface of the control system of BST-6 seeding machine, the manual operation interface, fan’s parameters setting interface.(3)Using GX-Simulator to simulates logic control ladder program about automatic control program, back to the origin program and manual program.The results shows that the speed adjustable range of the belt driving motor is 0～1437.9r/min, and the speed error is within 0.1r/min, which can make the speed of the belt line speed between 0～3km/h;wheel diameter range of 0.5～1.2 m with a precision of 0.1, the wheel frequency between 0～57.33Hz, the land wheel drive motor speed range can be adjusted in 0～589.9r/min, it is able to adapt to different sowing speed requirements;fan motor speed range of 0～3000r/min, can be adapted to the flow range in the 0～50 range of fans;the height of the seeding machine is adjusted by varing the of the electric power time of the elevator, the height range from 0 to 500mm.In summary, the development of variable frequency speed regulation system which is on the BST-6 seeder test-bed realizes the parameter setting and adjustment of intelligent control, which can make the whole testing process efficient and convenient for research of agriculture machine,it also provides reference to other agricultural machinery test automation equipment.更多还原