【作者】 杨帆；

【导师】 姚萍；

【作者基本信息】 西南财经大学 ， 国际贸易学， 2016， 硕士

【摘要】 改革开放以来,我国的对外贸易政策与时俱进地不断做出调整和改革,为我国经济发展做出了巨大贡献。国家通过单独或组合式地实施各种贸易政策工具,搭建了贸易政策目标和贸易实绩之间的桥梁,有效地调节了我国各经济阶段的进出口贸易发展规模和结构质量。本文首先梳理了我国对外贸易政策的基本框架,参照《中华人民共和国对外贸易法》的条款内容,以政策工具作用的方式不同作为区分依据,本文将我国与出口相关的对外贸易政策分为五个方面：关税政策、出口配额许可证政策、与贸易相关的金融支持政策、与贸易相关的知识产权政策、利用外资和对外投资政策。接下来,本文回顾了每一类对外贸易政策工具的实施历史,以理论和事实数据为依据,对各类贸易政策工具的出口总量效应进行了分析。初步得出的结论是：通过使用促进出口规模的贸易政策工具(出口补贴、出口退税、出口信贷、知识产权保护、利用外资制度、鼓励对外投资制度),我国的出口贸易额增长迅速,而通过抑制出口规模的贸易政策工具使用(出口关税、出口配额许可证),可以限制“两高一资”类产品的出口规模,有效优化我国的出口商品结构。其次,本文选取对应的指标度量上述政策工具的作用机制,依托2010年至2014年的月度时间序列数据考察了国家层面贸易政策工具的出口效应,一定程度上说明了出口退税政策、财政金融支持政策、知识产权保护政策、利用外资政策、鼓励对外投资政策均对我国的出口规模存在带动作用。此外,通过建立面板数据模型,笔者分析了2003年至2014年期间,不同类型的贸易政策工具的组合采用对我国26个省市区的出口绩效产生的影响,并探讨了对外贸易政策的出口效应的区域差异。结果表明地方实施吸引外资政策、知识产权保护政策后,对于该地的出口规模促进作用要大于地方实施鼓励对外投资政策的微弱推动效果；地方劳动力禀赋对出口规模的促进作用不及贸易政策工具的作用效果明显。基于实证研究的结果,笔者对我国四大板块的贸易政策的制定实施分别提出了相应的政策建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since China’s reform and opening up, China’s foreign trade policy has continuously adjusted for several times according to the development of Chinese economy, which made huge contribution to China’s economic and trade development. Through the implementation of trade policy tools alone or in combined forms, trade policy goals can be achieved and better trade performance can be gained. Trade policy tools has also effectively adjusted the import and export trade scale and structure in different stages of China’s economic development phase.This paper firstly set up a basic framework of China’s foreign trade policy based on terms of Foreign Trade Law of the People’s Republic of China. We distinguish different trade policies by the way it affects export trade, and we divide China’s trade policies into five groups:the tariff policy, the export quota and licensing policy, trade related financial support policies, trade related intellectual property rights (hereinafter referred to as IPR) policy, FDI utilization policy and outward overseas investment policy (hereinafter referred to as OFDI policy). Next, we reviewed on the history of each policy tools:combining theory with economic data, we analyzed how each trade policy tools affect the export scale. The preliminary analysis reveals that the use of trade policy tools which promote export trade(including export subsidies, export tax rebates(hereinafter referred to as ETR), export credits/financing, IPR protection, utilization of FDI, encourage of OFDI) can boost export trade, while the use of policy tools which inhibits export trade (including export tariffs, export quota and license) will limit the export scale of high-energy-consuming and resource-dependent products, which effectively optimize the export commodity structure of China.This paper also measures the mechanism of policy tools’ effects on export scale by selecting corresponding indicators to conduct regression analysis based on the monthly data from Jan.2010 to Dec.2014, in order to find out how policy tools promote export value on a national level. Regression results showed that the ETR policy, financial support policy, IPR protection policy, FDI utilization policy, OFDI policies can stimulate China’s export scale. In addition, by establishing a panel data model, we analyzed how different policy tools work together upon 26 provinces during 2003 to 2014. The local level results reveal that the local governments’ implementation of FDI utilization policy and IPR protection policy stimulate export scale more than implementing OFDI policy. It also shows that local implementation of trade policy tools works better on increasing export value than local labor endowment does. According to the results of the empirical research, we put forward some corresponding policy suggestions about trade policy formulation and implementation in China at both national and local level.更多还原