【作者】 双喜；

【导师】 包玉山；

【作者基本信息】 内蒙古师范大学 ， 民族学， 2016， 硕士

【摘要】 宗教信仰是人类社会历史上悠久而普遍的现象,不仅影响了人类的文明历程,而且也影响着人类生活的各个方面。进入现代社会以来,宗教信仰自由政策的落实和社会经济的发展,在蒙古族农村宗教信仰的现状是怎样,有哪些因素影响农村居民对宗教信仰的选择,宗教信仰在蒙古族农村对居民又有怎样的作用,这些值得我们进行深入的探讨。本文力图对蒙古族农村宗教信仰的现状及农村居民与宗教信仰的关系做一个详细的说明。通过小村落认识大社会的思路本论文将研究视点选了通辽市科尔沁左翼后旗海鲁吐镇的吐莫嘎查。吐莫嘎查是个蒙古族村落,居民信仰佛教及萨满教。在社会变迁的过程中,居民的物质生活及精神生活也发生了变化。佛教与居民日常生活、人生礼仪中的佛教影响、去庙上香等嘎查佛教信仰的现状。以嘎查中的祭天、祭火、祖先崇拜来描述萨满教的继承和扬弃,并且对嘎查的“道目勒”做了调查和记录。文中也涉及了居民对祷告的信仰。在此基础上总结了吐莫嘎查宗教信仰现状的特征。通过发放调查问卷、进行个别访谈、搜集文献等方法,揭示吐莫嘎查居民对宗教信仰的态度,探讨不同个体影响因素、社会层面因素、宗教团体等三个因素对宗教参与行为的影响。研究发现,吐莫嘎查居民不同个体影响因素(性别、年龄、经济收入等)的宗教信徒其宗教参与行为存在着较大的差异。因此,针对吐莫嘎查宗教信仰现状特征,提出了引导建议：加强宣传教育,引导宗教为经济社会建设服务；推进农村合作医疗,完善社会保障体系,加大对农村公共服务的供给；依法管理宗教事务,抵御祷告等信仰的渗透,规范农村宗教活动。总的来说,吐莫嘎查居民对宗教信仰的态度,所持有的心理倾向,对宗教信仰的主观评价及由此产生的行为倾向,居民对佛教、萨满教的保留有多少,这是我调查的目的,也是文章的主旨。同时本研究对于稳定蒙古族农村社会秩序、实现民族村风文明的社会主义新农村与构建和谐社会都具有重要的现实意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 Religion a common phenomenon in the history of the human society. It not only affects the course of human civilization, but also the every side of the human life. With the carrying out the policy that religion is free and the development of society and economy in modern society, it is necessary to study deeply what the situation of the religion in the Mongolian rural area is, what the factors that influence the choice of the villagers’ about religion are, and what the function of religion to the villagers of Mongolian rural area is. So the religious situation of Mongolian rural area and relations between the villagers and the religion are explained in this paper.Tume village Hailutu town Tongliao city is taken as the example to understand the society in this paper. The religious belief of people’s in Tume where Mongolian live is Buddhism and Shamanism. The material life and mental life has changed in the vicissitudes of society. The situation of religious belief of Tume village is explained by studying the Buddhism influence to the life and etiquette. The inheritance and abandonment of Shamanism is described by describing the sacrifice rite. Damule that is a kind of religious behavior is examined and recorded and the Prayer that is a kind of heresy is described in this paper. And according to the description above the characteristics of the religious situation is summed up. The villagers’ manner to religion is announced by talking and document. And the influence of individual factor, social factor and religious factor to religious behavior is approached in this paper.There are big differences among the individual factors of the villagers’ to the religious behavior, which are sex, age and income etc. Therefore, there are some advice for the religious behavior in the paper, which are strengthening publicity and education, guiding religion to serve economic and social development, pushing the perfect rural medical and social security system, managing religious affairs according to law and regulating the rural religious activities.Generally, it is the main purpose of the paper, the attitude and mental disposition of the villagers’ in Tume village, subjective evaluation and activity evaluation to religion, and retaining the Buddhism and Shamanism of people’s. It also has great realistic significant to stabilize the social order of Mongolian rural area, and build a new socialist countryside and harmonious society.更多还原