【作者】 徐凯；

【导师】 李健； 陈仁；

【作者基本信息】 上海交通大学 ， 软件工程（专业学位）， 2015， 硕士

【摘要】 在人类一次能源日益减少,环境日益恶化的今天,风能作为一种清洁可再生原源受到了全世界的关注。随着技术进步和环境保护事业的发展,风能市场也迅速发展起来。自2004年以来,全球风力发电量翻了一番。预计未来20-25年内,风能发电在商业上将完全可以与火力发电竞争。近年来风力发电市场爆发式增长的局面。因为传统测试平台投资成本高,风机测试验证能源消耗巨大和测试覆盖率低等问题,使风力发电机组无法得到充分测试,无法满足所有工况下的产品性能测试,导致风力发电机组可靠性低,质量缺陷引发各种重大安全事故。传统风力发电测试平台测试覆盖率低,无法实现多个机型兼容一个测试平台等缺陷。安全事故暴露的各种测试盲点,也对风力发电系统测试平台的提出了更高的要求。如何在保证产品的质量的前提下,实现风力发电机组控制代码和算法的自动化测试,开发灵活,多种测试机型可配置的高精度自动化测试平台已经刻不容缓。在此背景下,本文阐述了一种对双馈风力发电系统(Doubly-Fed Induction Generator,简称DFIG)进行测试验证的新型硬件在环测试平台。将已经在汽车电子中得到广泛应用的硬件在环实时仿真测试系统,运用到风力发电系统的测试验证中。本测试平台通过风力发电核心控制器+软件模型,以半实物+半仿真的硬件在环方式实现风力发电系统的测试验证。用软件的方式将风力发电机组的电气部件转换为实时模型,解决了传统风力发电系统实物测试的缺陷,避免了现场实物测试的危险性和对各种风况输入测试条件的依赖;可以灵活的改变测试条件,并且可以实现各种测试机型的快速切换,不仅降低了测试系统的开发成本和测试成本,也提高了产品测试精度和测试覆盖率。文中提到的硬件在环测试平台通过电磁暂态仿真软件Star Sim将被测对象的电气模型转换为Star Sim实时模型。Star Sim实时模型转换为Lab VIEW Express VI,然后转换为可以执行的Lab VIEW代码运行在National Instruments(简称NI)公司基于PXI总线的实时CPU和FPGA硬件平台上。通过硬件接口和被测对象进行物理连接,硬件在环测试平台通过实时仿真将模型中电压和电流信号通过FPGA输出模块提供给被测对象,该被测对象根据接收到的电压和电流信号,提供一个反馈信号给硬件在环系统,进而构成一个闭环。本文的具体研究工作如下:第一,研究硬件在环基本原理,发展历史。明确风力发电系统硬件在环测试平台的研究目的和研究前景。综合分析硬件在环测试系统相较于传统测试平台的优势,了解国内外风电企业和各高校对双馈风力发电系统硬件在环的开发情况。第二,提出风力发电系统硬件在环测试平台设计方案;综合分析国内外对电气模型软件实现的发展和成果。第三,根据设计方案和所要匹配的测试风力发电机型对软件和硬件进行选型。本文主要基于NI公司的Lab VIEW软件和PXI总线的硬件系统作为系统的构成。第四,硬件在环测试平台实现。Lab VIEW完成实时仿真的软件实现;基于PXI总线的FPGA,工业CPU和输入输出模块构成硬件部分,向被测对象的核心控制器提供仿真后的物理信号。第五,硬件在环测试平台实现结果的检验。经过参数的设定后,配合核心控制器实物模拟实际风力发电系统进行仿真。作为本文的成果,双馈风力发电系统硬件在环测试平台已经完成基本功能开发;在性能上,达到了预期的目标。更多还原

【Abstract】 Wind energy as a clean resource of renewable energy, more and more world attention. With the development of technological progress and environmental protection, wind energy market has developed rapidly. Since 2004, the global wind capacity has doubled. The next 20-25 years, wind power can compete with traditional power in business. In the recent years, the wind power market has explosive growth. Due to the traditional test platform for high investment cost, wind power system verify for high power consume and test coverage is low. The quality is unable to meet the product performance under all load conditions. The result of low wind power system reliability, quality defects is variety of serious accidents. Accidents expose the test of blind spots. Outbreak the growth of wind power volume, there is a high quality demand of wind power system, how to ensure the quality of products, and automatic test control strategies, the traditional test platform has been unable to meet demand, develop a flexible, configurable and precision automatic test platform has become an urgent matter.In this context, this paper describes a kind of the doubly-fed wind power generation system(Doubly-Fed Induction Generator, referred DFIG) hardware-in-the-loop(referred HIL) test platform. It used the automotive electronics real-time HIL in the wind power system test and validation. Test platform is made of wind power system core controller + software model. The wind power system electrical parts are converted to real-time model with software. This solution can flexibly change the test conditions and achieve various test models of fast switch. Not only reduced the system development cost and test resource consume, also improve products test precision and test coverage.In the text, HIL that based on Lab VIEW electromagnetic temporarily state simulation software – Star Sim made object model converter real-time system model, run in the PXI-bus real-time CPU and FPGA. Through physical connection hardware interface and the object being measured. HIL test platform output the voltage and current signal from FPGA module, the object of test measured the signal, then provide a feedback signal to HIL, form a closedloop.The specific research tasks are follows:1. Learn about HIL principle and develop history, wind power system HIL test platform research purposes. Analysis HIL test platform advantage compared to traditional test platform. Learn about domestic and foreign wind companies and universities about DFIG HIL development.2. Bring on the HIL test platform design method; analysis electrical model of software development and results.3. According to design and test purpose that match the software and hardware. In the paper, based on NI’s Lab VIEW software and PXI hardware as the test platform structure.4. HIL test platform achieve results, after the parameter setting, HIL test platform simulate the actual wind power system operation.As a result of this paper, doubly-fed wind power system HIL has completed basic function developed, and successfully applied on the product function validation on design phase, to achieve the desired goal.更多还原