【作者】 王楠；

【导师】 曾文革；

【作者基本信息】 重庆大学 ， 国际法， 2016， 硕士

【摘要】 近年来,随着东方文化的复兴与世界各国文化产业的蓬勃发展,美国在文化贸易市场雄踞已久的支配地位在发生着微妙的变化。而文化贸易的客体,文化产品与文化服务都具有高附加值的特点,因而各国在文化贸易中对经济效益的追逐和对文化入侵的抵抗使得文化贸易中的国家冲突日益凸显。于是人们在促进文化贸易自由的同时,希望通过多边协调体制能够解决文化贸易与文化多样性保护以及其他国际法规则之间潜在的冲突,而WTO无疑是这其中的一个上佳之选。1994年WTO正式成立,乌拉圭回合达成的SPS协定、TBT协定等调整着早期的文化贸易,以及与文化相关的贸易问题。后来,GATT、GATS、TRIPS协定等文件的诞生,与之前的WTO框架下的谈判成果一起成为目前在国际贸易领域调整文化产品贸易和文化服务贸易的主要法律制度。而这些制度与其他国际法原则的冲撞,使得文化贸易纠纷披上了政治、文化色彩,变得更加复杂;同时WTO争端解决机制在处理相关贸易争端案件时表现出对文化多样性和成员国文化安全的关怀,却并未具体澄清文化多样性与贸易自由化的关系,使得人们对于通过多边贸易体制本身解决文化与贸易问题的前景产生怀疑。而这也是《保护和促进文化表现形式多样性公约》等许多与文化贸易相关的国际法规则产生的原因之一。因此,本文结合案例,从WTO法律制度下与文化有关的各种规则的效力和适用性进行研究,探究WTO文化贸易法律制度的具体含义,揭示多边贸易体制下文化与贸易的辩证关系,澄清其在争端解决中的适用模式,为我国在WTO文化贸易体制下建立完整和有效地文化贸易法律制度,解决多边贸易体制下的文化与贸易问题提供有益的参考和方法建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 In recent years, with the revival of the Oriental culture and the vigorous development of cultural industries around the world, the United States in the cultural trade market’s dominant position is in the event of a subtle change.And the object of cultural trade, cultural products and services has the characteristics of high added value, and thus the pursuit of economic benefits in culture trade and resistance to cultural invasion and cultural trade of growing countries cause many conflicts.So at the same time of promoting cultural trade freedom, people hope that they can use the multilateral coordination system to solve the potential conflicts between cultural trade and cultural diversity, and other rules of international law, and in this way, DSB in WTO is the one of the best choice. The WTO formally established in 1994, in Uruguay round WTO members achieved the SPS agreement, the TBT agreement, which made influence in early cultural trade, and trade issues related to culture.Later, the birth of GATT, GATS, TRIPS agreement and other documents, become the main method to adjust the field of international trade of cultural products and cultural service trade.And because of the collision with other principles of international law, the system makes the cultural trade disputes have to meet the complicated problems of politics, culture;At the same time when the WTO dispute settlement mechanism begin to show their attention of cultural diversity and the members’ cultural safety, but never clarify the relationship between cultural diversity and trade liberty, in this way people begin to suspect whether the multilateral trade system has such an ability to solve the problem of culture and trade prospects.And that’s one of the reasons of the birth of Convention on the Protection and Promotion of the Diversity of Cultural Expressions.Therefore, this article discusses all kinds of rules related to the culture under the WTO legal system combined with the case, to explore the specific meaning of the cultural trade of WTO legal system, to reveal the dialectical relations of culture and trade under the multilateral trading system, to clarify its applicable model. Finally, to find the solution of the dispute of cultural and trade in the WTO system, and to establish a complete and effective cultural trade legal system for China. This article also wants to try to provide the beneficial reference and method of the problem of culture and trade under the multilateral trading systems.更多还原