【作者】 吴斌；

【导师】 许剑峰； 黄瓴；

【作者基本信息】 重庆大学 ， 城乡规划学， 2016， 硕士

【摘要】 人口老龄化已成为影响社会发展的重要因素,也成为摆在政府面前的重大社会问题之一。在老龄化问题日益严峻的情况下,世界卫生组织提出老年友好城市的建设框架,迅速在全世界范围内受到高度认可。许多学者对“老年友好”的模式和特征进行多方位研究和探讨,老年友好社区建设也成为了新时期城市建设的重要目标;同时社区发展模式经历了从“需求为本”(Needs-based)到“资产为本”(Asset-based)理念的转变,社区发展越来越重视内部资源和关键力量的利用。本文正是基于上述背景,选取“老年友好社区建设”这一命题,运用“资产为本”的社区发展理念,以渝中区民乐村社区为例,展开深入研究。本文梳理“资产为本”的社区发展、国内外老年友好社区研究与实践、老年社会学、心理学以及精明增长等相关理论,以渝中区民乐村社区为研究对象,运用实地观察法、访谈法和问卷调查法,从物质资产、人力资产和社会资产三个方面探索老年友好社区的规划建设策略。研究内容包括四个部分,共6章:第一部分(第1—2章):第1章绪论,包括研究背景、选题意义和目的、研究内容与框架及研究方法。第2章理论研究部分,包括研究综述和基础理论研究。综述部分主要是国内外老年友好社区的研究与实践;基础理论研究部分包括“资产为本”的社区发展理念、老年社会学、心理学以及精明增长等相关理论,通过对研究综述和基础理论研究的梳理,总结对“资产为本”的老年友好社区规划建设具有借鉴意义的模式、方法以及需要考虑的因素。第二部分(第3章):为“资产为本”老年友好社区规划内容。在借鉴“资产为本”的社区发展过程后,将“资产为本”的老年友好社区规划内容分为四部分:社区组织、构想、规划以及建设与评估,并对每一个步骤的内涵和作用进行详细的阐述,为规划工作明确目标和方法。第三部分(第4—5章):为论文的核心章节部分,也是对第三章“规划”步骤的详细论述。第4章为现状调研部分。在熟知相关理论的基础上,明确调查的对象,制定调查计划,从老年人需求和社区养老资产的角度,通过问卷法和实地调查法等方式分别进行细致地调研,并对现状问题和相关数据进行收集整理。第5章结合“资产为本”的社区发展理念,从三个方面制定规划策略,分别是养老物质资产规划、养老人力资产规划和养老社会资产规划。第四部分(第6章):结论与展望,归纳总结了上述章节的主要论点,认为“资产为本”的老年友好社区规划应当尊重老年人的实际需求,正确认知社区养老资产的价值与潜力,在社区规划建设时,可以从养老物质资产、养老人力资产和养老社会资产三个方面制定具体的建设策略。本文是“资产为本”的社区发展理念应用到老年友好社区建设的一次有益实践。更多还原

【Abstract】 Population aging has become an important factor to influence the development of the society, government and society needs to solve the major "subject".The problem of the rapid development in the aging society is more and more serious, the world health organization has put forward the elderly friendly city construction framework, elderly friendly concept quickly spread all over the world, many scholars have multidimensional studied the model and the characteristics of research about “elderly friendly”. Elderly friendly community construction has become the target of urban construction in the new period; At the same time, community development model has experienced from "Needs-based" to "Asset-based ". The development of the community pay more and more attention to the use of internal resources and the key forces. This paper has based on the above background and selected the proposition of the elderly friendly community building, and using " Asset-based " community development concept, take an in-depth research with Min LeCun community of YuZhong district as an example.Based on combing the " Asset-based " community development theory 、summarizes the domestic and international research and practice about elderly friendly community、 elderly sociology theory、psychology theory and smart growth theory related theory, take the Min LeCun community as an example in-depth field survey. Using field observations, interviews and questionnaire to explore the planning and construction policy of elderly-friendly community from physical assets,human assets and social assets.The full text of six chapters, a total of four parts:The first part(chapter 1 and chapter 2) : chapter 1 is introduction part, the main thesis have research background, the significance of topic selection and purpose, research contents and research framework and research methods.Part 2 theory research, is divided into basic theory research and research review. research review including elderly friendly community of research and practice at home and abroad, And the basic theory research including " Asset-based " community development theory concept, psychology theory and smart growth theory.Trough combing basic theory research and research review, Summary of "Asset-based" of significance of reference to the elderly friendly community planning and construction model, the method and the factors to consider.The second part(chapter 3) : the "asset-based" elderly-friendly community planning content. Drawing on "asset-based" community development process, take "asset-based" elderly-friendly community planning divided into four parts: community organizations, visioning, planning, implementation and evaluation, and the meaning and role of each step conduct detailed, clear objectives and methodology for the planning work.The third part(chapter 4 and chapter 5) : the core section of the paper is discussed in detail of Chapter 3 of the "Plan" step. Chapter 4 is part of an investigation. In the well-known theory on the basis, well-targeted surveys and develop survey plans, from the perspective of the needs of the elderly and community care assets, through questionnaire and field survey and other research collecte the current situation and issues related data.Chapter 5,combined with "asset-based" community development concept, the development planning strategy from three aspects:pension physical assets planning, pension manpower planning and pension social assets planning.The fourth part(chapter 6) : conclusion and prospect, summarized the main points of the previous sections, that "asset-based" elderly-friendly community planning should respect the actual needs of the elderly, the correct understanding of the value of community assets and pension potential, in the planning and construction of the community, can develop a specific policy from three aspects:pension physical assets planning, pension manpower planning and pension social assets planning.This is the "asset-based" community development concept applied to be a useful practice in elderly-friendly community building.更多还原