【作者】 刘倩；

【导师】 郑建勇； 马兵；

【作者基本信息】 东南大学 ， 电气工程（专业学位）， 2016， 硕士

【摘要】 随着传统化石能源的大量消费,一次能源消费带来严重环境污染等问题和资源面临逐渐枯竭。近十年来,绿色环保的可再生能源利用得到迅猛的发展。光伏发电技术应用得到了国家的大力支持,已经成为可再生能源利用的主要方式之一。分布式光伏有其独特的优势正得到国家大力扶持。以江苏为例,分布式光伏在短短几年时间已从无发展到百万千瓦容量规模,而且发展趋势正在加速。分布式光伏的应用彻底改变了配电网结构,在绿色环保发电的同时也对配电网产生一定的影响。开展大规模分布式光伏接入配电网研究,对于解决这些问题具有重大的理论和现实意义。分布式光伏对配电网运行的影响是多方面的,其中对配电网电压的影响是重要的影响之一。分布式光伏作为电源接入配电网改变了原配电网的电压分布,不同程度地减小了系统电源侧提供的电流,提高了配电网节点的电压。随着并网安装的光伏发电系统逐渐增多,配电网中可能会经常出现逆向潮流和电网电压超出容许范围的情况。同时由于光伏发电的波动性加剧了配电网电压的波动。解决配电网无功电压问题涉及到多方面的研究。配电网潮流计算是研究分布式光伏对配电网电压影响的重要前提。通过分析配电网潮流算法现状和分布式光伏的特性,采用前推回代算法计算了10kV配电网潮流。利用Matlab/Simulink软件静态分析不同分布式光伏容量、接入配电网不同节点的实例,计算得到不同的电压变化和实际分布式光伏动态功率变化引起配电网电压的动态变化。对大规模分布式光伏接入配电网后引起的电压变化和电压偏差,从电压幅值和波动二个方面分析了分布式光伏对配电网节点电压的影响。在解决电压问题方面,从配电网结构、影响电压的主要因素和解决配电网电压问题的思路出发,全面分析了光伏逆变器自主调压、有载调压变压器调压、调整配电网接线结构、采用动态无功补偿装置调压和增加储能装置等诸多配电网电压控制方案,从中选取光伏逆变器自主调压、有载调压变压器调压和调整配电网接线结构调压三个方法进行进一步分析和仿真计算。总结了三种方法的优点和局限性。提出了基于现有控制对象技术条件的原则性配电网电压控制策略。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the massive consumption of the traditional fossil energy, the primary energy consumption brings serious environmental pollution and the resources are exhausted. In the past ten years, green environmental protection of renewable energy utilization has been rapidly developed. Photovoltaic power generation technology application has been strongly supported by the state, has become one of the main ways of renewable energy utilization. Distributed photovoltaic has its unique advantages are being vigorously supported by the state. Taking Jiangsu province as an example, distributed PV in just a few years has never developed into one million kilowatts of capacity, and the trend is accelerating. Distributed photovoltaic application completely changed the structure of the distribution network, in the green environmental protection power generation at the same time also has a certain impact on the distribution network. To develop large scale distributed PV access distribution network is of great theoretical and practical significance for solving these problems.There is much influence of distributed PV on the operation of the distribution network, among which the influence of the voltage of the distribution network is one of the most important factors. Distributed PV as a power distribution network to change the original distribution network voltage distribution, to varying degrees to reduce the supply side of the system to provide the current, improve the voltage distribution network node. With the gradual increase of grid connected photovoltaic power generation system, the reverse power flow and the grid voltage can often appear in the distribution network. At the same time, due to the fluctuation of the photovoltaic power generation, the voltage fluctuation of the distribution network is increased.Solving reactive power and voltage problems in distribution network involves many aspects of research. The power flow calculation of distribution network is an important premise to study the influence of distributed PV on the voltage of distribution network, by analyzing the current status of power flow algorithm and the characteristics of distributed PV, using the forward and backward iteration method of power flow calculation of distribution network 10kV. Using Matlab/ Simulink software static analysis of different distributed PV capacity, access to distribution network node with different examples, and calculate different voltage changes and distributed dynamic photovoltaic power changes caused by the dynamic change of the distribution network voltage. The voltage variation and voltage deviation caused by large scale distributed PV system are analyzed from two aspects of voltage magnitude and fluctuation.In solving voltage problems, from the structure of the distribution network, the main factors affecting the voltage and the solution to the problem of distribution network voltage, a comprehensive analysis of the photovoltaic inverter independent voltage, on load voltage regulating transformer pressure, adjusting distribution network wiring structure, using a dynamic reactive power compensation device of non adjustable voltage and increase the energy storage device, etc. the distribution network voltage control scheme. The three methods of automatic voltage regulation, the photovoltaic inverter independent voltage control, on load voltage regulating transformer voltage control and adjusting distribution network wiring structure are selected, and the further analysis and simulation calculation are carried out. The advantages and limitations of the three methods are summarized. Based on the existing control technology, the principle of the control strategy of distribution network voltage is proposed.更多还原