我国职务发明奖酬制度研究

【作者】 沈伟；

【导师】 陈淑华；

【作者基本信息】 南京师范大学 ， 民商法学， 2016， 硕士

【摘要】 职务发明奖酬与发明人财产权保护密切相关。我国对职务发明人权益的保护现状与职务发明制度的发展是极其不协调的,立法规定的不完备直接导致司法实践中职务发明人奖酬落实难的问题甚为严重。从实体法和程序法的双重视角对此进行深入考察,在理论阐述,比较法考察和实证研究三个层次对这个问题作较全面、深入的探讨和分析,同时从法律制度、司法实务和专利政策三个角度阐述了自己的见解,为《职务发明条例》的制定提供有益参考。具体言之,本文主要分为以下几部分：第一部分主要是通过分析近年来国家政策的大力扶持、立法的不断修改新增回应以及司法实践多样复杂的应对局面,并因此引出本文所要研究的问题。第二部分首先对职务发明奖酬的基本范畴做一个阐释,从其范围、特点和性质入手,对职务发明奖酬制度做了比较全面的解析。此外,笔者还对职务发明奖酬制度的解释理论和原则做了简单的分析,为下文职务发明奖酬制度相关内容的展开打下基础。第三部分主要是对域外主要西方国家职务发明奖酬制度做了一个简单的考察,主要考察美英德日法五国关于职务发明奖酬制度的相关规定,以探究职务发明奖酬制度在这些国家发展的状况,并从规制模式、规定详略、奖酬事由、适用顺序、高校发明及解纷机制方面找到对我国职务发明奖酬制度的借鉴意义。第四部分主要是对我国职务发明奖酬制度的立法进行考察,从国家层面的主要立法文本和地方层面的地方性专利法规文本对该制度予以解读,认为在立法上,存在奖酬制度体系化不足、奖酬落实程序性保障缺失以及约定优先原则适用彰显不足的现实困境。第五部分主要对我国职务发明奖酬制度的适用状况进行实证分析,精选出23个司法案例,并从职务发明类型与平均支付金额、胜诉率、赔偿金额、行业分布及争议焦点等方面总结出此类案件的适用特点,认为存在法律适用标准混乱、诉讼时效判定标准模糊、发明人举证困难、报酬计算复杂且难度大以及救济途径单一的司法困境。第六部分主要是对我国职务发明奖酬制度的完善提出建议,认为应遵循平衡劳动法律制度与职务发明制度的价值取向,立法上应整合奖酬制度立法体系、增设程序性保障规定、细化约定优先原则,司法实践中应严格法律适用标准、统一诉讼时效判定标准、完善举证责任分配、健全报酬计算方法以及建立奖酬纠纷多元化解决机制。更多还原

【Abstract】 The service invention reward is closely related to the protection of inventor property. It is extremely inconsistent that the service inventors’ rights of the protection situation and the development of the service invention system in China. Legislation incompleteness post a serious result directly, which it is difficult to carry out the service inventors reward in judicial practice. From a double perspective of substantive law and procedural law to explore this problem in greater depth, and solve it in a comprehensive, in-depth discussion and analysis through the theoretical interpretation, comparative law study and empirical research on this issue. while from the legal system, the judicial practice and patent policy three perspective stating my point of view, in order to providing a useful reference for the establishment of the "Service Invention Regulations". Specifically, this paper is mainly in the following several parts:The first part is mainly through the analysis of the vigorously support of national policy, the response of adding and revising legislation constantly, and cope with the situation in judicial practice variously and complicatedly in recent years, which leads to the problems discussed in this paper.The second part, first of all, making an explanation for the basic category of service invention reward, starting from its scope, character and nature, doing more comprehensive analysis on the service invention reward system. In addition, the author also makes a simple analysis from the explanation theory and principles of service invention reward system, in order to lay the foundation of the related content in service invention reward system for the following.The third part is mainly held the major western countries, focusing on the United States, Britain, Japan, France and Germany and the five countries about the relevant provisions of the service invention reward system, to probe into service invention reward system in the development of these countries, and from regulation mode, the provisions detail, reward reasons, the order of the application, invention of colleges and mechanism of dispute resolution finding significance to our country.The fourth part is to examine the legislation of the service invention reward system, and to read the legislative texts from the national level and local level. The author considers that there is existing realistic dilemmas in the legislation, which lack of systematic in reward system, the procedural protection missing in carrying out reward and the application of priority principle of contract insufficient.The fifth part is to examine the application of service invention reward system in empirical analysis. The author collects 23 cases, and tries to sum up the applicable character from the applicable case type in average pay, winning rate, compensation pay, industry distribution and dispute focus. Finally, the author considers that there is also existing judicial dilemmas that the confusion of law applicable standards, limitation of action judgment standard obscure, the inventors quote difficultly, calculating reward complicatedly and difficulty, and the relief is ineffective.The sixth part is to improve the service invention reward system for recommendations, the author considers that it should be followed values that balanced labor law system and service invention system. And the reward legislative system should be integrated, additional procedural protection should be established, the agreed priority principle should be detailed in legislation. Then, strictly complying with the law applicable standards, developing uniform standards in the limitation of action, perfecting the proof burden distribution, improving the reward calculation method and establish a diversified reward dispute settlement mechanism in judicial practice.更多还原