【作者】 杨艳；

【导师】 王后雄；

【作者基本信息】 华中师范大学 ， 学科教学（化学）， 2016， 硕士

【摘要】 厌学是学生对学习抱有消极情绪的表现。心理学认为厌学是指学生对学校的生活失去兴趣、消极对待学习活动,对学习持冷漠甚至出现厌烦、逃避等行为。学生厌学主要表现为讨厌学习、学习缺乏主动性、被动甚至不愿意接受教师的教育。“化学厌学”是指学生在化学学习上出现“厌烦学习”、“不愿意学习”等现象,是学生在化学学习中行为和心理的具体表现。化学厌学生除了具有一般厌学生的行为表现外,还有其他的特征,主要表现为缺乏足够的化学学习兴趣、缺乏良好的化学学习品质、缺乏积极主动的参与意识。这些原因导致学生在心理上承受过重的压力,从而引发厌学情绪。笔者从事农村高中教育近五年,发现农村高中学生化学厌学现象比较普遍。为了改变学生化学学习状态,提高农村化学教学质量,本文选择以农村高中生化学厌学的原因分析及对策研究为研究课题。本文在国内外关于“厌学”界定的基础上,结合化学学习的特点对“化学厌学”的含义和表现进行阐述。在具体研究中,本文以崇阳县第一中学为研究对象,主要通过文献研究法、观察法、问卷调查法、访谈法、经验总结法等分析学生化学厌学的原因。根据分析调查数据可知,从内部原因看,化学厌学主要是学生自身因素,主要包含起点知识欠缺、学习习惯欠缺、学习动机丧失、学习心理不稳定等原因。从外部原因看,化学厌学主要是因为化学知识构建困难、化学教师素质有待提升、学校硬件设施匮乏、家长教育水平不高等。造成学生化学厌学原因是多方面的,这些原因有相对的独立性,同时又是不可分割的整体,有的原因是诱发化学厌学的根源,有的则进一步加重了学生的厌学情绪。针对化学厌学问题,本文主要从激发学生化学学习动机、调整学生学习心态、优化化学课堂、改进教师教育教学观念、实施因材施教、改进学校软硬件设施、改进家庭教育、创办家长学校、改进社会观念等角度提出改变农村高中化学厌学的策略。最后运用这些综合措施进行教改实验,探索本文提出策略的实践性。实验数据表明,这些措施的综合实施是可以大幅度的改善化学学习状况的。更多还原

【Abstract】 Weariness is the negative emotions of students’learning. From the point of view of psychology, weariness is that students lose interest in school life, the negative treatment of learning activities, learning support indifference or even boredom, escape and other acts. Weariness mainly for students hate learning, learning the lack of initiative, passive or even unwilling to accept the education of teachers."Chemical weariness" is that students appeared "tired of study" in chemistry learning, "do not want to learn," and so is the concrete performance of chemistry student learning behavior and psychology. Chemical weariness students have all the general students’weariness behavior, there are other features, mainly for lack of sufficient chemical interest in learning, the lack of good chemical quality of learning, the lack of pro-active participation. These causes students to bear heavy psychological pressure, causing weariness.I engaged in rural high school education in recent years, found that the rural high school students chemical weariness is a common case. In order to change the status of student learning chemistry, improve the quality of chemical teaching, this paper chooses rural high school students chemistry weariness cause analysis and countermeasures as the research issue. Based on domestic and foreign "weariness" is defined based on the combination of the characteristics of the study of chemistry "chemistry weariness" of meaning and expression to elaborate. In a specific study, this paper choose the Chong yang nomberl high school for the study, primarily through literature study, observation, questionnaires, interviews, lessons learned method of chemical analysis of students weariness reasons. According to analysis of the survey data shows that from internal factors, the chemical weariness mainly students own factors, mainly comprising the starting point for lack of knowledge, lack of learning habits, loss of motivation, learning mental instability and other reasons. From external causes, the chemical weariness mainly because of difficulties in constructing chemical knowledge, chemistry teacher ’quality should be improved, school hardware facilities are scarce, parent education level is not high. There are many reasons for chemical weariness, and these reasons have relative independence, but they are also an indivisible whole, some evoked the root causes of chemical-induced weariness, and some aggravate the students’ emotional weariness.Weariness for chemical reasons, this article mainly from arousing students’ motivation to chemical learning, adjusting learning attitude, and optimizing the chemistry class, improving teaching concept of education, teaching according to their aptitude, improving hardware and software of school improving family education, founding a school for parents, changing social attitudes, proposed the strategy of changing angles rural high school chemistry weariness. Finally using the comprehensive measures for teaching reform experiment, explore the paper put forward the strategy of practicality. Experimental data show that the comprehensive implementation of these measures can greatly improve the chemical learning situation.更多还原