【作者】 张浩；

【导师】 金涛；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 动力工程， 2016， 硕士

【摘要】 10万m~3变壁厚浮顶储罐是目前我国石油和化工领域使用最广泛的储存装置。由于储罐容积大且多数建立在地基比较松软的沿海回填地区,在储罐底部通常产生一定程度的不均匀沉降。同时,建立在沿海地区的储罐极易遭受风灾。当罐底不均匀沉降值或罐壁所受风载荷达到一定值时,极易造成储罐壳体的屈曲现象。本文将罐底沉降形式分为罐底平面倾斜沉降和罐底谐波沉降两种方式对实际储罐模型进行数值分析,同时对带有与实际储罐相同结构的抗风环梁的浮顶储罐进行风载荷作用下的屈曲行为分析。最终通过设计制作一套储罐沉降实验装置,对储罐模型进行试验研究,对比数值分析与试验研究的分析结果,从而验证有限元仿真的可靠性。本文主要工作如下：(1)目前国内外对储罐罐底谐波沉降的研究比较多,对罐底平面倾斜沉降的研究略有不足。本文通过对罐底施加平面倾斜沉降,分析罐壁应力及变形情况并得到空罐及不同液位下的极限沉降值。通过与规范中的允许值对比,发现规范中的允许沉降值过于保守,通过有限元分析发现储罐在罐底平面倾斜沉降下能够承受比规范中所规定的更大的沉降值。(2)分析了储罐在罐底不同波数谐波沉降下的屈曲行为,并且分别对比储罐在罐底谐波沉降下有无罐顶包边角钢以及罐内液压对罐壁屈曲行为的影响。得出在罐底不同波数沉降下罐壁的屈曲模态形式有所不同,对应的极限谐波沉降值也会产生变化。(3)对比分析10万m~3变壁厚浮顶储罐在有无抗风环梁条件下受风载荷作用时储罐罐壁的屈曲模态。得到在不同条件下储罐能够承受的极限风载荷值,并给出储罐受风载荷作用发生罐壁屈曲时的危险位置,给储罐在实际建造以及使用中一些合理化的建议。(4)通过搭建的实验装置对储罐在罐底谐波沉降下罐壁的力学性能进行分析。试验测得罐壁模型上的应力分布情况以及罐壁的径向变形值。初步了解罐壁材料在弹性范围以及材料进入塑性屈服阶段的罐壁力学性能。对比数值分析与试验结果,从而验证有限元仿真的可靠性。更多还原

【Abstract】 The hundred thousand cubic meter floating roof tanks are widely adopted in petroleum and chemical industry, which are mainly used for the storage of oil and other chemical products. Due to the large volume of the tank and most of them are usually located on the soft soils, large differential settlement can be monitored beneath the tank walls. At the same time, the tank located prone coastal areas are highly vulnerable to the hurricane. When the differential settlement reaches a critical value or the tank wall suffered wind load reaches a certain value, it can easily cause the tank shell occur buckling phenomenon. In this paper, the differential settlement is treated as two forms, the one is the inclined plane sedimentation at the bottom of the tank and the other is the form of harmonic settlement. Based on the two forms, the numerical calculations and experiment analysis are taken to investigate the buckling behavior. While researching the floating roof tank with the same structure as the actual tank of wind ring beams buckling analysis under wind load. Finally by designing a tank settling experimental apparatus verify the reliability of the numerical calculations. Main work conducted is as follows:(1) Currently, researches on harmonic settlement are more than the inclined plane sedimentation. Based on the inclined plane sedimentation applied to the tank bottom, analyzed the tank wall stress and deformation finally get the ultimate settlement value. By comparison with the specification found that the settlement value is too conservative. Finite element analysis in the tank under the tank bottom plane inclined settlement can withstand a larger settlement than the specification value.(2) Analysis of the tank wall buckling behavior under different harmonic numbers. Compare the edging angle and the hydraulic pressure on the influence of the tank wall buckling behavior under the harmonic settlement. The results show that buckling behavior is different under different wave numbers, and the settlement values are different too.(3) Comparative analysis of hundred thousand cubic meter floating roof tank’s buckling modes through wind load, the different is whether there has tank ring beams. Obtained that in different situations the tank can withstand the extreme wind load value and given the dangerous position when the tank wall occur buckling behavior. Through the analysis give some reasonable suggestions to the tank.(4)Through building an experimental apparatus to research the tank wall mechanical properties under the harmonic settlement. The experiment measured the stress distribution on the tank wall and the radial deformation. Getting to know the material properties of the tank before elastic limit and enter the plastic stage. Finally, comparing the result of numerical analysis and experimental research, verify the reliability of numerical analysis.更多还原