【作者】 刘磊；

【导师】 吴理财；

【作者基本信息】 华中师范大学 ， 政治社会学， 2016， 硕士

【摘要】 在湖北省咸安区推出的十余项重大改革中,最具争议的是“以钱养事”改革。这项改革所进行的农村公益服务的市场化、社会化探索,引起了众多学者的争论,甚至产生巨大的意见分歧。学者们从不同的学科视角对这项改革进行分析和研究,有的学者从公共物品理论、市场理论、政府采购理论以及新公共管理和新公共服务理论中论证了这项新机制存在的合理性理；另一些学者无论是从理论上还是实际操作层面都全面否定了这项改革；大多数学者肯定了这项改革的巨大成效,但也发现了改革过程中还存在不足,需要后续改革进一步完善。对“以钱养事”改革研究的梳理,可以了解这项改革的发展历程,对它的由来、做法以及发展情况有清晰的认识,进而在此基础上,分理出不同学者的观点并对它进行多维向度的解析。通过对这项改革进行学术上的梳理、回顾和反思,分理出不同学者在这项改革中的不同视角,以期为不同视角的研究与批评提供一个参照性的平台。本论文试图从政府、民众和社会多维视角来探析和审视“以钱养事”改革。政府的视角也是基于改革的视角,体现的是政府运作的逻辑,通过机构人员的精简、财政制度的改革来构筑精干、效能的服务型政府；民众的视角,除了基本公共服务权益的保障之外,主要体现在农民的观念与态度的转变以及民众参与及公共需求的表达上；社会视角侧重的是市场化的运作和社会力量的参与方向,主要是农村公共服务供给方式的创新与农村公共服务供给主体的多元化。通过对“以钱养事”改革进行多维视角的分析,并把它放置在农村社会中来考察,从现实基础来说,改革还缺乏相应的社会基础,尤其是政府与社会的关系从过去的“管治”到现在“合作”的转变,这对社会的可承接性提出了更高的要求。改革既需要政府机构精干、高效,也需要社会本身的健全与完善,两者缺一不可。目前而言,存在农村公共服务市场化运作机制不成熟、社会力量参与公共服务存在诸多限制、公共服务运作过程中农民参与度不高、农村公共服务法律制度建设举步维艰等问题。因此在后续改革中需要进一步完善农村公共服务市场化体系建设、加大农村公共服务社会力量培育、促进农村公民社会发展、加强农村公共服务政策法规建设。更多还原

【Abstract】 more than ten major reforms were launched In Hubei Province Xianan District, the most controversial is "raise money to do things" reform.The reforms undertake rural public services by market-oriented and social exploration, which caused controversy by many scholars, even a huge disagreement. Scholars from different disciplinary perspectives to analyze and study on the reform, Some scholars have demonstrated the existence of reasonable grounds on this new mechanism from the public goods theory, market theory, government procurement, as well as new public management theory and the theory of new public service; other scholars both from the theoretical or practical level denied this comprehensive reform; most scholars affirmed the tremendous success of this reform, but also found that there were deficiencies in the reform process, which need to further improve in the follow-up reform. For "raise money to do things" Reform of the sort, we can understand the development process of this reform have a clear understanding on its origin, practices and development, on this basis, we can divide scholars sort out different point of view and have multi-dimensional analytical dimension. Through this reform sort of academic review and reflection, we can divide different scholars sort out different of views in this reform, provide a platform for different perspectives study and criticism.This paper attempts from multi-dimensional perspective of the government, civil and society to look of "raise money to do things" reform. Based on the perspective of government as well as reform, reflecting the logic operation of the government, which to build a lean, service-oriented government performance by the reform of agency personnel and streamlining financial system; The perspective of the people, in addition to the basic security interests of the public services, mainly in the farmers’ideas and attitudes change as well as the expression of popular participation and public demand; Social perspective is focused on the direction of operation of the market and participation of the social forces, mainly on innovation of rural public service supply mode and diversification of rural public service supply body. Analyzing from multidimensional perspective to " raise money to do thing" reform and examining it in the rural community, speak from a realistic basis, the reform is the lack of appropriate social basis, in particular, the relationship between government and society change from the past " governance " to now " cooperation", which put forward higher requirements for the undertaking nature of the community. Reform requires the capable and efficient of the government institutions, the society needs itself sound and perfection, both are indispensable. For now, the rural market -oriented operation mechanism of public services are immature, there are many restrictions for the participation of the social forces in public service, low participation of the farmer in public service process, rural public service system have difficult legal construction issues and so on. Therefore, in the subsequent need to further perfect the public service system of rural market reform, increase the fostering of the social forces in rural public services, promote the civil society development of rural public services and strengthen the rural public service policies and regulations.更多还原