【作者】 王强；

【导师】 冷向明；

【作者基本信息】 华中师范大学 ， 公共管理， 2016， 硕士

【摘要】 公务员是国家政策的执行者,其实际能力与政策目标所需能力的差距决定着国家政策的实现程度。组织培训是缩小差距的重要渠道,而培训需求是否被找准和被满足决定了能力差距能否被消除。长期以来,各级组织在培训方面投入很大,但培训需求满足效果并不理想,除了问题本身具有复杂性和一定的历史局限性以外,培训的需求满足问题没有针对性的分析和解决是一个重要原因。解决培训需求满足问题是加强公务员队伍建设和国家治理首当其冲的重要环节,从这个角度讲,深入研究公务员培训需求满足问题的现状、问题、成因,为公务员队伍能力建设实践提供一些可行的、可借鉴的思路,应是一项亟待解决的课题。本文从组织与个人的需求着手,找出问题的类型和本源；通过无缝分析模式和分段分析方式,扩展传统分析方法,找出组织与个人准确和完整的培训需求;通过借鉴IS09001质量认证理论,归纳和补充培训需求满足全程管控措施理论,将培训需求满足问题的关注点从分析阶段的方法延伸到后续各个阶段的管控,对增强培训需求满足的有效性具有现实的借鉴意义。全文共有五个章节组成：第一章的绪论部分介绍了公务员培训需求满足问题的研究背景,对需求满足问题的研究意义加以说明,对相关理论的研究与发展进行了简要归纳,描述了本篇论文基本概念的定义和相关问题的研究方法,最后,介绍了本文涉及的问卷调查设计与实施的情况,并对研究案例基本情况做出了描述。第二章介绍了公务员培训需求满足的现状。通过归纳和分析问卷调查的数据结果,将培训需求现状分为个人和组织两个大类,共四个典型分类进行了介绍。在个人需求满足现状方面,学习业务知识需求方面是满足程度相对较高的,但是由领导能力、沟通能力、自我管理能力等组成的综合能力提高的需求却被忽视。在组织需求满足现状方面,增强行政能力的关键即提升分析问题和提升协调能力既被忽略,又存在现实局限性,并且满足提升职业道德需求也没有得到重视,第三章归纳了公务员培训需求满足存在的问题,总结了培训需求理念、方法、供给、管理方面的问题。以需定学的理念是首要问题,没有落实基本理念将使得培训需求满足工作的方向出现偏离。培训需求分析从角度和形式上都存在问题,导致分析失效的结果。更为严重的问题是需求与满足发生了错位,造成需求满足南辕北辙的现象。而深层次的体系问题在分析和管理层面根深蒂固的存在,综合造成培训需求满足问题的顽疾。第四章揭示了公务员培训需求满足问题产生的原因。揭示了认识、方法、人为、难度多方面的原因。对培训需求认识不足不仅表现在重要性认识不足,更在于对需求的认识偏向于要求,而忽视需要。在这种情况下,需求分析过于粗放放大了分析的模糊性,加之人为弱化需求满足和需求满足本身的难度,形成了培训需求满足问题错综复杂的原因。第五章提出了解决公务员培训需求满足问题可行的对策建议。从落实理念方面提出实事求是、以人为本和精简高效的建议；对于需求分析体制建设提出了明确主体职责、构建高标准模式和采用精细化方式的对策；在过程管理方面提出的建议是要确认相互认同,在控制供应过程与计划一致的前提下,对过程进行偏差管理。最后追踪前期过程管理,通过评审、反馈和改进来完成整个管理过程。更多还原

【Abstract】 Civil servants are executors of national policy, the gap between the demand and actual capacity determines the degree of realization of national policy.Training is an important channel to narrow the gap.Whether identify and satisfy the demands decides whether solve the problem. Organizations invest heavily in training,but the effect is not ideal.The first reason is that the problem is complex and has historical limitations.The second reason is that the training demands are not analyzed and satisfied correctly.Training demand satisfaction is important part of team building and national governance.So the study of training demand satisfaction of civil servants is necessary.The paper focus on organization and individual demand,and identify the type and origin of the problem.It uses seamless analysis pattern and segmentation analysis mode to find out accurate and complete training demands. By drawing on ISO9001 quality certification theory,this paper generalize and supplement the process control theory of training demand satisfaction.It enhances the effectiveness of training demand satisfaction.This paper consists of five chapters:The first chapter introduces the background of training demand satisfaction of civil servants,and explain the significance.It summarizes the development of related research theories, describes definitions of basic concepts,and introduces the research methods.At last,it briefs the design and implementation of the survey.The second chapter describes the status of training demand satisfaction of civil servants.By analyzing the results of the survey data,this paper divides training demand satisfaction into two categories.In individual aspect, the demand of learning knowledge is satisfied, but the demand of increasing comprehensive capacity is neglected.In organizational aspect, the demand of increasing administrative capacity and enhancing professional ethicsis are neglected.The third chapter summarizes the existing problems of training demand satisfaction of civil servants.First,The principle of training based on demand isn’t implemented.Second,the direction and form of analysis has a problem.Third,there are dislocation between demand and satisfaction.At last,the demand system exists the problem of analysis and management.The fourth chapter reveals the reasons of problems of training demand satisfaction.Organization lacks awareness of the importance of training demand.It cares "What is asked? ",and don’t care "what is needed? ".The analysis is too extensive to focus on "what is really needed?".And, managers weaken the satisfaction of demand.In fact,there is the difficulty to satisfy the demand.The fifth chapter proposes to solve the problem of training demand satisfaction.The principle of training based on demand is important.It should implement the principle based on facts, human-oriented and efficiency.In system aspect, it should distinguish responsibility, use refined analysis model and implement process management.At last,it could improve training demand satisfaction by feedback management.更多还原