【作者】 李磊；

【导师】 胡祥福；

【作者基本信息】 南昌大学 ， 法律硕士（专业学位）， 2016， 硕士

【摘要】 当前我国刑法和司法解释对交通肇事逃逸行为的规定存在着根本性的缺陷,首先,逃逸行为独立性的丧失,即逃逸行为的附属性,致使交通肇事逃逸行为的法网不严密,不当地缩小了逃逸行为的外延,致使实践中许多逃逸行为难以得到有效的规制。其次,逃逸行为的附属性,也致使我国刑法总则中关于共同犯罪的规定和交通肇事罪关于共犯的规定形成抵牾,从根本上造成了对作为总则中共同犯罪基本理论和规定的严重冲击,造成了共同犯罪理论不必要的纷争。最后,由于逃逸行为的附属性牵扯到交通肇事罪的结果加重犯,这势必又会涉及到司法实践中对逃逸行为的主观认定,而依据一般的情节加重犯的基本原理,又不尽完全符合现实中的交通肇事逃逸行为人的心理状态,致使交通肇事逃逸行为的认定更是雪上加霜。上述困境的根本原因在于当前交通肇事逃逸行为缺乏自身的独立性,而解决此症结的合理化路径即是将交通肇事逃逸行为独立犯罪化。交通肇事逃逸行为完全符合我国现行刑法中犯罪的基本特征。首先,交通肇事逃逸行为与单纯的交通肇事行为在社会危害性方面具有显著的不同,这种不同是交通肇事逃逸行为独立犯罪化罪根本的理由。其次,交通肇事逃逸行为具有刑事违法性,对此,可以从两个方面予以揭示,第一,逃逸行为,其本身均构成了对公共安全的侵害。这种侵害,既可能是实害性的,亦可能是危险性的,但危害的客观状态毕竟是存在的,因此,对之予以否定毫无疑问。第二,逃逸行为本身亦是无价值的。抛却逃逸行为造成的现实危害不论,逃逸行为是对交通肇事现行行为导致的作为义务的拒绝。最后,交通肇事逃逸行为具有应受刑罚惩罚性。将交通肇事逃逸行为独立犯罪化,不仅具有必要性,而且具有可行性。在我国日渐进入风险社会的时代背景下,交通肇事逃逸行为独立犯罪化符合风险社会的要求;将交通肇事逃逸行为独立犯罪化是当前世界各国刑法立法的趋势;在风险社会语境中,对交通领域内的犯罪应适当地从结果无价值向行为无价值转变,而交通肇事逃逸行为独立犯罪化正是契合了行为无价值的精神内核。交通肇事逃逸行为独立犯罪化,需要重构交通肇事逃逸行为与交通肇事之间的关系,并且需要对现行交通肇事罪条款予以适当修改,从而使得交通肇事罪与交通肇事逃逸罪之间的关系得以合理化。更多还原

【Abstract】 In Chinese criminal and judicial law, there is fundamental defect in current provisions towards escapes. First of all, the loss of its independence, also known as its attached nature, results in defect. This nature limits in the extension with definition of escapes. Therefore, various escapes behavior cannot be punished with effective regulation. Second, the subjection of escapes behavior causes the confliction of defining accomplice in general provisions of criminal law and Traffic Offence. This confliction fundamentally threats the basic theory of joint crime which caused unnecessary disputes. Finally, because of its subjection, the escapes behavior usually is related to crime aggravation of Traffic Offence. Inevitably, this affects the subjective cognizance of escapes behavior in the judicial practice. However,according to the basic principle of aggravated consequential offense, it is not fully conformed with the psychological scenario in reality of escapes behavior, making the definition of escapes behavior even harder. The primary cause of the confliction mentioned here is exactly the dependence of escapes behavior, whereas the rational path to resolve it is to isolate it, to make it an independence offense. escapes behavior completely accords with the basic characteristics of crime in current criminal law of our country. First of all, escapes behavior and simple traffic offense behavior has a significant difference in terms of social harmfulness, which is fundamental reason its calling for independence. Second, escapes behavior has the criminal illegality. It is demonstrated from two aspects. First, the escapes behavior constitutes hazard and dangerous violation of public security, which is objective and undeniable. Second, the escapes behavior itself is valueless. Despite the realistic harm of escapes behavior, it is the clearly a refusal to obligation as traffic accident caused by the current behavior. Finally, escapes behavior should be punished punitive.It is not only necessary, but also feasible to independent the escapes behavior in traffic offence. While our country entering into risk society times, this independent crime definition accords with the requirement of risk society. It is also answer to the trend of the current criminal legislation around the world. In the context of risk society, provisions of crimes in traffic offence should be properly transformed fromthe valueless result to the valueless behavior. And independence of escapes behavior fits the spiritual kernel of valueless behavior. In order to realize the independent criminal behavior of escapes, it is inevitable to reconstruct the relationship between the traffic offence and escapes in traffic offence. Besides, the current terms and provisions of traffic offence requires appropriate modification, so as to rationalize the relationship between the traffic offence and escapes in traffic offence.更多还原