【作者】 李芳；

【导师】 王宏伟；

【作者基本信息】 辽宁师范大学 ， 海洋生物学， 2016， 硕士

【摘要】 (1)通过形态观察和分子分析相结合的方法,对青岛(模式标本产地)产的帚状蜈蚣藻(Grateloupia fastigiata Li et Ding)进行了重新鉴定,该种的主要特征有:(1)藻体为深紫红色,高9-26 cm,1-2回不规则羽状分枝;助细胞生殖枝丛为典型的Grateloupia型,果胞枝主枝由6个细胞组成,辅助细胞枝主枝由5个细胞组成(6cap-5auxb型),与亚洲蜈蚣藻一致。(2)基于rbc L(ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase)、COI(cytochrome c oxidase subunit I)基因序列分析显示:10个帚状蜈蚣藻样本与亚洲蜈蚣藻之间的碱基差异为0bp(0.00%)-3bp(1.67%),属于种内差异。通过形态观察和分子分析,认为帚状蜈蚣藻与亚洲蜈蚣藻为同一种,将帚状蜈蚣藻作为亚洲蜈蚣藻的异名。(2)通过形态观察和分子分析相结合的方法,确定了蜈蚣藻属(Grateloupia C.Agardh)一中国大陆新纪录种。该种的主要特征有:(1)藻体红色或紫红色,高6-16cm,线形或披针形叶片;助细胞生殖枝丛为典型的Grateloupia型,果胞枝主枝由6个细胞组成,辅助细胞枝主枝由5个细胞组成(6cap-5auxb型),与台湾蜈蚣藻一致。(2)基于rbcL、COI基因序列分析显示:采自海南省博鳌的4个海藻样本与台湾蜈蚣藻之间的碱基差异为1bp(0.95%),属于种内差异。确定此种为台湾蜈蚣藻(G.taiwanensis S.-M.Lin et H.-Y.Liang),为中国大陆新纪录种。(3)通过形态观察和分子分析相结合的方法,确定了育叶藻科拟伊藻属一中国新纪录种。该种的主要特征有:(1)藻体呈紫红色或暗紫红,高为6-11cm,二叉状或亚二叉状分枝,囊果内生。(2)基于rbcL、COI基因序列分析显示:采自于大连的黑石礁、金石滩、木龙沟、鸭石的4个拟伊藻样本与日本产的近荣拟伊藻之间的碱基差异为8bp(0.68%)-9bp(0.76%),在拟伊藻属这一大分支中形成独立的小分支。确定此种为近荣拟伊藻[Ahnfeltiopsis paradoxa(Suringar)Masuda],为中国拟伊藻属新纪录种。(4)通过形态观察和分子分析相结合的方法,确定了红皮藻科一中国新纪录属和一中国新纪录种。该种的主要特征有:(1)藻体呈棕红色,高0.8m-1.2m,卵圆形或椭圆形叶片表面分布密集的孔洞;果胞枝由4个细胞组成,辅助细胞枝由2个细胞组成。(2)基于rbcL、COI基因序列分析显示:采自黑石礁的6个海藻样本与日本的具孔斯帕林藻之间的碱基差异为1bp(0.99%),属于种内差异。确定该种所在的属Sparlingia为中国新纪录属,暂定中文名斯帕林藻属。确定此种为S.pertusa(Postels et Ruprecht)G.W.Saunders,I.M.Strachan et Kraft,暂定中文名为具孔斯帕林藻,为中国新纪录种。更多还原

【Abstract】 (1)By combining morphological observation with molecular analysis,G.fastigiata Li et Ding was re-examined.The features are as follows:(1)thallus was dark purplish red,9-26 cm high,dichotomously branched once or twice;the auxiliary cell ampullae exhibited typical Grateloupia-type,carpogonial branch ampullae consisted of six cells,auxiliary cell ampullae consisted of five cells(6cap-5auxb type),identical with G.asiatica Kawaguchi et Wang.(2)According to the phylogenetic tree constructed by gene(rbcL and COI)sequences,the sequences differences between the ten samples of G.fastigiata examined in this research and G.asiaticawas 0bp(0.00%)-3bp(1.67%),belonging to intraspecific difference.Through morphological observations and molecular analysis,G.fastigiata and G.asiatica proved to be the same species,with G.fastigiata as the synonym of G.asiatica.(2)By combining morphological observation with molecular analysis,a new record species of Chinese Mainland in Grateloupia(Halymeniaceae,Rhodophyta)has been established.The features are as follows:(1)thallus was red or dark purplish red,6-16 cm high,linear to lanceolate blades;the auxiliary cell ampullae exhibited typical Grateloupia-type,carpogonial branch ampullae consisted of six cells,auxiliary cell ampullae consisted of five cells(6cap-5auxb type),identical with Grateloupia taiwanensis S.-M.Lin et H.-Y.Liang.(2)According to the phylogenetic tree constructed by gene(rbcL and COI)sequences,there was 1bp(0.95%)sequence divergence between the four samples examined in this research and G.taiwanensis,belonging to intraspecific difference.Through morphological observations and molecular analysis,the four samples from Hainan Province has been confirmed to be a new recorded species of Chinese Mainland,named Grateloupia taiwanensis S.-M.Lin et H.-Y.Liang.(3)A new record species of China in Ahnfeltiopsis(Phyllophoraceae,Rhodophyta)has been established through morphological observation and molecular analysis.The features are as follows:(1)thallus was purplish red or dark purplish red,6-11 cm high,dichotomously to subdichotomously branched,internal cystocarps.(2)According to the phylogenetic tree constructed by gene(rbcL and COI)sequences,there was 8bp(0.68%)-9bp(0.76%)sequence divergence between the four samples examined in this research and A.paradoxa from Japan,which formed a single monophyletic subclade within the large Ahnfeltiopsis clade of Phyllophoraceae.Through morphological observations and molecular analysis,the four samples has been confirmed to be a new recorded species of China,named Ahnfeltiopsis paradoxa(Suringar)Masuda.(4)A new record genus and species of China in Rhodymeniaceae has been established through morphological observation and molecular analysis.The features are as follows:(1)thallus was brownish red,0.8m-1.2m high,hole scattered over most of obovate or elliptical blades;carpogonial branches consisted of four cells,auxiliary cell branches consisted of two cells.(2)According to the phylogenetic tree constructed by gene(rbcL and COI)sequences,the rbcL sequences differences between the six samples examined in this research and S.pertusa from Canada was 1bp(0.99%),belonging to intraspecific difference.Through morphological observations and molecular analysis,the six samples has been confirmed to be a new recorded species of China,named Sparlingia pertusa(Postels et Ruprecht)G.W.Saunders,I.M.Strachan et Kraft,and Sparlingia is a new record genus of China.更多还原