【作者】 胡鹏；

【导师】 刘峥；

【作者基本信息】 西安电子科技大学 ， 信号与信息处理， 2015， 硕士

【摘要】 多模复合制导是现代导引头的发展方向。利用雷达传感器测得的精确距离数据和红外传感器测得的精确角度数据进行融合能够大幅度提高导引头的制导精度,红外成像传感器又比点源型传感器具备更好的目标识别能力;雷达与红外在电磁频谱上相距较远,同时对雷达和红外传感器进行干扰难度非常大。因此,雷达/红外成像复合制导成为反舰导弹的首选末制导方式,本文针对反舰导弹跟踪舰船过程中可能遭遇的干扰,对雷达和红外成像观测数据进行融合研究来达到协同抗干扰的目的。本文首先对反舰导弹雷达/红外复合导引头面临的干扰进行分析,从干扰原理、干扰实施方式等方面进行了详细介绍。其次,针对雷达/红外复合导引头信息融合技术进行研究,对信息融合的分类、流程以及算法进行详细论述,设计出利用分布式结构对雷达/红外成像复合导引头的特征层数据进行融合的方案,通过仿真比较得出了信息融合的最优算法,即利用修正的K近邻域航迹关联算法对局部航迹进行关联,利用协方差加权航迹融合算法进行航迹融合;最后,提出了一种雷达/红外成像复合导引头协同抗干扰算法,即航迹关联后,利用目标状态残差信息进行统计判断来检测干扰,利用局部航迹质量评价来判断受扰传感器,通过重新建立局部航迹并重新进行关联和融合来对抗跟踪过程中出现的干扰。本文利用MATLAB仿真的方法对所研究的抗干扰技术进行验证。通过在复合导引头对舰船跟踪过程中的不同时刻分别加入面源型红外干扰和弦外有源电磁干扰,对本文所研究抗干扰策略进行有效性验证。仿真结果显示,将雷达和红外传感器的探测点迹利用扩展卡尔曼滤波算法进行局部航迹跟踪,然后对雷达航迹和红外航迹进行关联,通过检验关联航迹能够及时检测到干扰,比较雷达航迹和红外航迹的质量可以准确判定受扰传感器,通过隔离受扰传感器并重新建立局部航迹,然后重新进行关联和融合以实现协同抗干扰。对多次仿真结果进行统计,该算法可使反舰导弹在干扰背景下的命中率达到95%以上。通过仿真分析可知,本文提出的雷达/红外成像复合导引头协同抗干扰算法对反舰导弹跟踪舰船过程中遭遇的多种电磁及红外干扰具有对抗能力。该技术是在雷达与红外局部航迹关联后进行干扰检测,只要关联的雷达航迹和红外航迹偏差超过干扰检测统计量的阈值,就可判定复合导引头受到干扰,因此对多种电磁及红外干扰具有适应能力。更多还原

【Abstract】 The multi-mode compound guidance has already become the development direction of modern seeker. The combination of the precise range data measured by the radar sensor and the angle data by the infrared sensor can greatly improve the guidance precision of the seeker. Besides, the infrared imaging sensor outperforms the point-source sensor in terms of target recognition ability. Moreover, radar and infrared spectrum are far apart from each other, which makes it difficult to interfere them simultaneously. Therefore, radar/infrared imaging composite guidance has become the first choice for the anti-ship missile. With regard to the possible interference in the tracking process of anti-ship missile, a fusion algorithm of radar and infrared imaging data is proposed to achieve the purpose of cooperative anti-jamming.Firstly, the interference faced with the radar/infrared seeker of anti-ship missile is analyzed in terms of the interference principle and implementation methods. Secondly, based on the study of the information fusion technique of radar/infrared seeker, the category, workflow, and algorithm of information fusion method are discussed respectively. Then a feature-level distributed fusion scheme is designed. A optimal information fusion algorithm is obtain through simulation experiment, in which a modified K near neighbor path correlation method is used for track association, while the covariance weighted fusion algorithm for track fusion. Finally, a cooperative anti-jamming algorithm for radar/infrared imaging composite seeker is proposed. After track correlation, the target state residual information is used to detect the interference, and the local track quality to estimate the disturbed sensor. To counter the disturbances in the tracking process, the local tracks of radar and infrared sensors are re-established, re-associated and then fused.Simulation experiments in MATLAB verify the anti-jamming algorithm. The effectiveness of this algorithm is validated by adding the infrared surface source and active electromagnetic interference at different tracking moments of the composite seeker. The radar and infrared observation points are used in the fusion center to form the respective local tracks with the extended Kalman filtering(EKF) algorithm. The simulation results show that the interference can be detected promptly after track correlation. By comparing the radar and infrared track quality, the disturbed sensor can be accurately determined. By isolating the disturbed sensor and re-establishing its local track, the track association and track fusion are performed to achieve the purpose of cooperative anti-jamming. Simulation results reveal that the algorithm can obtain a hit rate 95% or more in the interference background.Simulation and analysis validate the ability of the cooperative anti-jamming technique to resist kinds of possible electromagnetic and infrared interferences in the tracking process of anti-ship missile. With this technique, as long as the radar-infrared local track deviation exceeds the detection threshold of the interference, it can be determined that the composite seeker is disturbed. Therefore, the proposed method has the ability to resist a variety of electromagnetic and infrared interference.更多还原