【作者】 代洁；

【导师】 丛新强；

【作者基本信息】 山东大学 ， 中国现当代文学， 2016， 硕士

【摘要】 莫言在三十余年的文学创作过程中,共计写作了八十多部短篇小说。它们不仅数量极为丰富,而且艺术水平较高。但是,目前评论界对于短篇小说的研究很少,因此,对其进行全面的梳理和解读是必要的,这将有助于我们深入地了解其创作历程,并由短篇小说体系把握作者的文学世界。论文分为以下三个部分：第一部分是莫言短篇小说的创作“轨迹”和风格""改换”。依据创作实绩,分为三个阶段：尝试期(1981—1983),题材为部队和农村,情节简单、语言明丽、有主题先行的生硬感；探索期(1983—1992),内容为苦难的农村、另样的军旅、爷爷们的东北乡、东北乡的精怪们,它们是莫言叙事中的几个重要维度；圆熟期(1998—2005),小说或借鉴现代小说技巧,或继承中国古典小说传统,并且在两者综合中取得了较高的艺术成就；但是,在上述不同的创作阶段,有一以贯之的的主线,那就是对""民间""的回归,它有着地理上和文化上的双重认同的意味。第二部分是对莫言短篇小说的艺术透视。一是幻觉现实主义手法,它是东方式的幻觉般的敏锐,莫言通过对梦境的营造、对儿童感觉的充分运用,使作品具有亦真亦幻的色彩。二是自由文学伦理,它有别于人民伦理的大叙事,使被宏大历史和意识形态遮蔽的个体发声。三是忏悔意识书写,它迥异于道德上的悔过,是一种直指内心的真诚而深刻地自我剖析。第三部分是研究莫言短篇小说的意义,即与中长篇小说的对应分析。莫言短篇小说中某些事物、人物、情节等在不同的作品中多次出现,尤其是短篇小说与中长篇在艺术上、思想上存在密切的关系,厘清它们之间的承继关系,有助于我们整体把握莫言的创作特色。短篇小说之于莫言的创作,具有某种奠基和界标意义,对短篇小说进行充分地研究,是尝试由此管窥莫言的全部作品,从而走近莫言文学世界启动的原点,并试图在这个短篇小说体系中描绘出作者的心灵地图。本文采用""整体细读""的文本分析方法,着眼于文本内各叙事要素的解读、各叙事要素与文本全局的关联、不同文本之间的互文性解读,以及对文本外语境的考量。论述着重从短篇小说的创作历程、艺术成就、思想深度等方面入手,分析时与相关小说创作理论相结合,努力做到令人信服。更多还原

【Abstract】 As a great author, Mo Yan has composed more than eighty short stories in the long process of writing. They are not only abundant in quantity, but also in a high level of art. However, critics for Mo Yan’s short stories are rarely, therefore, the overall grasp systematically analysis are necessary, which help in our comprehensive in-depth understanding of his creation, furthermore, contribute to construct the whole literary world.This paper is divided into three parts:Part One:The creation "track" and style "change" of Mo Yan’s short stories. They are three stages on the basis of performance:Tentative period (1981-1983), on the subject of the troops and the countryside, simple plot, bright language, and blunt theme; Exploration period (1983-1992), content for the suffering of the rural, another kind of military, the ancestors of the Northeast Township and the monsters in the Northeast Township, what the important aspects of Mo Yan’s works has been already; Mature period (1998-2005), The novels learn the art of modern fiction, or inherit the tradition of Chinese classics, others achieve a high artistic achievement through combination of them. Even in different stages, there is a main line, that is, the return of the "folk", it has geographical and cultural of the double identity.Part Two:The second part is the perspective of the artistic features of Mo Yan’s short stories. First, the illusion of realism, it is the oriental vision of a sharp, Mo Yan through the creation of a dream and the use of children’s feeling, so that works with a mysterious color. Second, the freedom of literary ethics, it is different from the people of the ethics of narrative, make people’s voice is not covered by history and ideology. Third, the confession consciousness of writing, it is not morally repentance, but a deep self-analysis to reach the depths of the human heart.Part Three:The significance of the study of Mo Yan’s short stories. In Mo Yan’s short stories, some things, characters and plot appear in different works. The understanding of the relationship between short and long novels in the art and ideas will help us to grasp the creation of Mo Yan.Short stories mean foundation and landmark significance in Mo Yan’s creative process. This study is attempting to view Mo Yan’s work as a whole from a small angle, and reach closer to the origin of his literary world.The "overall reading of the text "analysis method focuses on the text of the internal elements, text context, the author and so on, and according to Mo Yan’s theory of novel creation to make the paper convincing.更多还原