【作者】 刘静；

【导师】 毕晓颖； 贾慧群；

【作者基本信息】 沈阳农业大学 ， 园艺（专业学位）， 2016， 硕士

【摘要】 本试验以非洲菊组培苗作为试验材料,对其继代增殖和液体生根两方面进行了研究,继代增殖过程中通过不同激素种类和浓度配比的处理,解决组培苗的整齐度、增殖系数和腋芽节间伸长不同步的问题；液体生根过程中通过不同的激素种类和浓度、不同的液体体积、不同的蔗糖浓度、不同的品种、不同株数的处理,对非洲菊组培苗的各形态以及生理指标进行测定,进而筛选出适宜液体生根培养基的激素种类和浓度、液体体积、蔗糖浓度,为非洲菊组培苗的大规模化生产提供了有利的理论基础和依据。具体研究结果如下：1.赤霉素与细胞分裂素和生长素合理搭配,可使组培苗节间伸长,并保持较高的增殖系数和较好的整齐度,适宜的培养基分别为：KT1.0+IAA0.1+GA0.2、 KT1.0+IAA0.1+GA0.5和KT1.0+GA3.0。单独使用赤霉素无法达到增殖系数、整齐度和腋芽节间伸长同步的效果,随着细胞分裂素浓度的增加,在一定程度上会抑制赤霉素的效应。2.液体生根培养基内最适的液体体积为5ml,组培苗的根系表面生有绒毛,生根早,生根率达到100%。当液体体积过大时,反而会抑制组培苗的生长,生根变慢,生根率降低,叶绿素含量也呈现明显的下降趋势,甚至低于固体对照,且液体过多会导致根系呼吸不畅。液体体积过小,根系又细又小,液体干的快,组培苗长势弱,后期萎蔫。3.不同的激素种类及配比对非洲菊的组培苗生长有一定的影响,本试验中液体生根培养基最适的激素组合为：IBA0.2mg/L,生根率达100%,此培养基培养的组培苗长势好,综合形态指标和生理指标均达到了理想状态,IBA的效果总体上优于IAA。4.培养基不添加蔗糖时,组培苗的生根率仅有50%。当蔗糖浓度增加到20g/L时,组培苗生长状况最好,综合素质最高。当蔗糖浓度过低时,均会影响组培苗的生根时间、生根率、叶绿素含量、根系的吸收活力以及根吸收面积。5.当液体培养基蔗糖浓度为20g/L,激素种类及浓度配比为IBA0.2mg/L,液体体积为5ml时, ‘法莱伦斯’ ‘红极星’和‘F169’三个非洲菊品种均生长良好,指标均优于固体对照,对于‘水粉’和‘深春’两个品种需要应用不同的培养基,还有待于试验的进一步探索。6.当液体培养基接种密度为1O株／瓶时,组培苗的生根整齐度、生根率及生长状态均较好,且生根率达到了90%,20株的次之,30株的总体表现最差。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this experiment, gerbera plantlets as test materials, the subculture proliferation and liquid rooting were studied, following the proliferation process through different hormone types and concentration ratio and solve the problem of seedling uniformity, multiplication coefficient and axillary bud internode elongation are not synchronized, liquid rooting process by means of different kinds and concentrations of hormone, different liquid volume, different concentrations of sucrose, different varieties, different number of plants, the morphological and physiological indexes were measured on tissue culture of Gerbera jamesonii plantlets, and selected the appropriate liquid rooting culture medium kinds and concentrations of hormones, liquid volume, the concentration of sucrose. Provides a favorable theoretical basis for large-scale production of gerbera plantlets. Specific research results are as follows:1. The reasonable collocation of GA with phytokinin and auxin can make the elongation of tissue culture seedling, and maintain a high proliferation coefficient and good uniformity, the suitable culture medium are:KT1.0+IAA0.1+GA0.2, KT1.0+IAA0.1+GA0.5 and KT1.0+GA3.0. GA used alone can not achieve the effect of multiplication coefficient, uniformity and axillary bud internode elongation synchronous, with the increase of the concentration of phytokinin, the effect of GA can be suppressed to a certain extent.2. In the liquid rooting medium, optimum liquid volume is 5ml, there is a nap on the root, early rooting, rooting rate reached 100%. When the liquid volume is too large, Instead, it would inhibit the growth of tissue culture seedlings, rooting slowing down, rooting rate decreased, chlorophyll content also showed a significant downward trend, even below the solid control, and too much fluid can lead to poor root respiration. Liquid volume is too small, the root system is small and thin, liquid dry fast, the growth of plantlets is weak and wilted.3. Different kinds and concentrations of hormones on the basis of the plantlet growth has certain effect, in the experiment, the optimum hormone combination in the liquid rooting medium is:IBA0.2mg/L, the rooting rate of tissue culture seedling is 100%. The tissue culture seedling of this medium is growing well, comprehensive morphological indicators and ecological indicators have reached the ideal state. The effect of IBA is superior to IAA in general.4. When the culture medium does not add sucrose, the rooting rate of tissue culture seedling is only 50%. When the sucrose concentration increased to 20 g/L, the growth of tissue-cultured plantlets is best, comprehensive quality is the highest. When the concentration of sucrose is too low, can affect the rooting time, rooting rate, chlorophyll content, root system activity and root absorption area of tissue culture seedling.5. When the concentration of sucrose on liquid medium is 20 g/L, the type and concentration ratio of sucrose is IBA0.2 mg/L, liquid volume is 5ml,’Falai Lons’’Red Star’ and "F169", these three African chrysanthemum varieties grow well, the indicators are better than that of the solid control. It is necessary for the "water" and "deep spring" with different culture medium, the further exploration is to be tested.6. When the liquid medium inoculation density 10 strains per bottle, root uniformity, the rooting rate and growth condition of tissue culture seedling are good, and rooting rate reached 90%. The 20 strains are the second. And the overall performance of the 30 strains is the worst.更多还原